Epidemiology of rubella and its viral genetic characterization in China, 2021-2022
10.3760/cma.j.cn112866-20231102-00049
- VernacularTitle:2021—2022年我国风疹流行病学及其病毒基因特征分析
- Author:
Cheng QIAN
1
;
Ying LIU
;
Jianlin CAI
;
Aili CUI
;
Liqun LI
;
Lixia FAN
;
Li LIU
;
Shujie ZHOU
;
Ying CHEN
;
Xiaoxian CUI
;
Naiying MAO
;
Yan ZHANG
;
Zhen ZHU
Author Information
1. 传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室 国家卫生健康委医学病毒和病毒病重点实验室 WHO西太平洋地区麻疹/风疹参比实验室 中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所，北京 102206
- Keywords:
Rubella;
Epidemiology;
Genetic characteristics
- From:
Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology
2024;38(1):49-57
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To understand the epidemiology of rubella and the genetic characteristics of the virus circulating during the period 2021-2022, providing basic scientific data for rubella prevention and control in China.Methods:National rubella incidence data for the period 2021-2022 were obtained from the Infectious Disease Surveillance System module and the Surveillance Report Management module of the China′s Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Positive rubella virus(RuV)isolates were obtained from the National Measles/Rubella Laboratory Network. Two nucleotide (nt) fragments [F1-480 (8 633-9 112 nt) and F2-633 (8 945-9 577 nt)] located in the E1 gene were amplified and determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the target gene (E1-739) was obtained after collating and splicing. The sequences obtained in this study were used to construct a phylogenetic tree with the reported reference strains for genotype and lineage identification. Additionally, the phylogenetic analysis was performed to assess their genetic relatedness of RuV strains prevalent in China during 2018-2020 from GenBank database.Results:In 2021-2022, the rubella incidence in China was 0.06/100, 000 (2021: 840 cases; 2022: 784 cases), with cases primarily concentrated in the western and southern provinces. Age distribution analysis showed that rubella cases in 2021-2022 was mainly in children under 5 years of age (2021: 34.17%, 287/840; 2022: 42.09%, 330/784), with the highest proportion in children aged 0-2 years. Further analysis of the immunization history of cases revealed that in the 8-23 months age group, a significant proportion of cases had received only one dose of rubella containing vaccine (RCV); cases in the 2-14 years age group were mainly among children who had received two or more doses of RCV; however, cases over 15 years of age were primarily found in individuals who had not received RCV or had unknown immunization history. National virological surveillance data showed that totally 22 RuV virus isolates were obtained, from 6 provinces in China during 2021-2022, which belonged to lineage 1E-L2 (11 strains) and 2B-L2c (11 strains). And these viruses displayed high genetic homology with RuV prevalent from 2018 to 2020.Conclusions:The incidence of rubella in China was maintained at a low level during 2021-2022, and the prevalent RuV strains were lineage 1E-L2 and 2B-L2c.
