Epidemiological characteristics of children infectious diarrhea in Shanghai, 2016-2021
10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220417-00667
- VernacularTitle:2016-2021年上海市儿童感染性腹泻哨点监测分析
- Author:
Sheng LIN
1
;
Xiaohuan GONG
;
Wenjia XIAO
;
Xiao YU
;
Hao PAN
;
Huanyu WU
Author Information
1. 上海市疾病预防控制中心传染病防治所，上海 200336
- Keywords:
Children;
Infectious diarrhea;
Epidemiological characteristics;
Adenovirus
- From:
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
2023;44(2):243-249
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To investigate the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of children's infectious diarrhea in Shanghai to provide evidence for developing strategies related to the control of the disease .Methods:Diarrhea outpatients were under surveillance at the pediatric intestinal clinic at five sentinel hospitals in Shanghai, with demographic, clinical, and epidemiological information collected. Fecal specimens were collected and detected for 12 bacteria and 5 viruses by district center for disease control and prevention. Characteristics of diarrhea patients were compared and analyzed from 2016 to 2021. Multi-stage systematic sampling method was adopted. The Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.Results:Of 2 456 infectious diarrhea patients, the positive rate was 45.11% (1 108/2 456), 16.00% (393/2 456), 20.81% (511/2 456), 8.31% (204/2 456), for all pathogens, single bacteria, single virus, and diverse infections respectively. The prevalent detected pathogens were pathogenic Escherichia coli (12.95%, 318/2 456), norovirus (10.91%, 268/2 456), rotavirus (7.49%, 184/2 456), Salmonella (5.82%, 143/2 456) and Campylobacter jejuni (4.68%, 115/2 456). The pathogen spectrum of childhood infectious diarrhea patients showed noticeable seasonal changes, with a prevalent bacterial infection in summer [peaked in June, the positive rate was 34.50% (69/200)] and a prevalent viral infection in winter [peaked in January, the positive rate was 48.10% (101/210)]. The positive rates in different age groups, populations, and seasons were statistically different ( χ2=160.53, P<0.001; χ2=14.80, P=0.003; χ2=27.21, P<0.001). During 2020-2021, the number of cases of infectious diarrhea in children (284 cases/year) dropped significantly compared with the number in 2016-2019 (472 cases/year), the pathogen spectrum changed significantly ( χ2=39.02, P=0.001), and the positive findings of bacteria ( χ2=11.73, P<0.001) and viruses ( χ2=14.22, P<0.001) decreased significantly. However, the positive rate of enteric adenovirus increased. Conclusions:The pathogen spectrum of children's infectious diarrhea patients shows noticeable seasonal changes in Shanghai. Pathogenic Escherichiacoli, norovirus, and rotavirus are the most common diarrheal pathogens. In recent years, the detection of adenovirus in children with infectious diarrhea has increased. The number of children with infectious diarrhea and the positive rate have decreased significantly during 2020-2021. Specific prevention and control measures should be taken for infectious diarrhea of different ages, pathogens, and seasons.
