Mediation effect of smoking and healthy diet score on the association between educational level and the risk of lung cancer incidence
10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220628-00572
- VernacularTitle:吸烟和健康饮食评分在文化程度与肺癌发病风险关联中的中介效应研究
- Author:
Hui WANG
1
;
Xiaoxia WEI
;
Zhimin MA
;
Mengmeng JI
;
Yanqian HUANG
;
Jing ZHANG
;
Meng ZHU
;
Juncheng DAI
;
Guangfu JIN
;
Hongxia MA
;
Zhibin HU
;
Hongbing SHEN
Author Information
1. 南京医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学系，南京 211166
- Keywords:
Educational level;
Lung neoplasms;
Smoking;
Diet;
Mediation analysis
- From:
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
2022;43(12):1875-1880
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To evaluate the possible mediation effect of smoking and healthy diet score on the association between educational level and the risk of lung cancer incidence.Methods:After excluding individuals with missing educational levels and cancer information at baseline, 446?772 participants in the UK Biobank (UKB) prospective cohort study were included. Cox regression models were used to investigate the associations of educational level and smoking and healthy diet score with the incidence of lung cancer. Mediating effect analysis was conducted to analyze the mediating effect of smoking and healthy diet score on the correlation between educational level and lung cancer.Results:During a median follow-up of 7.13 years, 1?994 new- onset lung cancer cases were observed. Per 1 standard deviation (5 years) increase in educational level was associated with a 12% lower risk of lung cancer ( HR=0.88, 95% CI: 0.84-0.92). The corresponding level 1-5 in the International Standard Classification for Education (ISCED) were mapped to UKB self‐report highest qualification to estimate the educational level. A higher rank means a higher educational level. Compared with level ISCED-1, the HR(95% CI) of level ISCED-2, ISCED-3, ISCED-4 and ISCED-5 were respectively 0.83 (0.72-0.94), 0.67 (0.53-0.85), 0.76 (0.65-0.89) and 0.72 (0.64-0.80) for lung cancer. Education years were negatively correlated with smoking, with β coefficients (95% CI) being -0.079 (-0.081- -0.077), but positively correlated with healthy diet score ( β=0.042, 95% CI: 0.039-0.045). Analysis of mediating effect indicated that the association of educational level with lung cancer risk was mediated by smoking and healthy diet score, the proportions of mediating effect were 38.952% (95% CI: 31.802%-51.659%) and 1.784% (95% CI: 0.405%-3.713%), respectively. Conclusion:Smoking and healthy diet score might mediate the effect of educational level on the incidence of lung cancer, indicating that improving the level of education can reduce the risk of lung cancer by changing lifestyles such as smoking and diet.
