Study on the impact of aging on the brain activity patterns in auditory speech comprehension dual-route regions
10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20231017-00156
- VernacularTitle:增龄对听觉言语理解双通路脑区活动变化规律影响的研究
- Author:
Yi LIU
1
;
Younuo CHEN
;
Songjian WANG
;
Liu YANG
;
Yuan WANG
;
Shuo WANG
Author Information
1. 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所 耳鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室（首都医科大学），北京100730
- Keywords:
Age factors;
Auditory perception;
Speech perception;
Oxyhemoglobins;
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy Imaging
- From:
Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
2024;59(9):909-915
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To elucidate the patterns of neural activity alterations associated with auditory speech comprehension across the lifespan and the impact of varying listening environments on these dynamics.Methods:Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was employed to measure the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin in the brains of 93 adults aged from 20 to 70 with normal hearing. These participants were recruited from Beijing Tongren Hospital, affiliated with Capital Medical University, between March 2021 and February 2023. Brain activity was recorded as subjects passively listened to sentences in both silent and noise conditions with varying signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). The alterations in brain activity were analyzed to delineate the age-related trends under different auditory conditions. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 software.Results:The bilateral primary auditory cortex, superior temporal gyrus, and Wernicke′s area, critical for sound signal discrimination and perception, exhibited enhanced activity post-stimulus presentation. Broca′s area, pivotal for speech production, demonstrated an initial decrease in activity followed by an increment after stimulus onset. The ventral middle temporal gyrus and dorsal postcentral gyrus showed augmented activity in later time windows. Furthermore, it was observed that in quiet conditions and at low noise levels (SNR=10 dB), auditory cortical activity diminished with age. With increasing noise levels (SNR=5 dB), compensatory brain regions (right ventral middle temporal gyrus and dorsal postcentral gyrus) showed enhanced activity with advancing age. As noise intensity further escalated (SNR=0, SNR=-5 dB), not only did auditory cortical activity decline, but also the activity in regions associated with semantic processing and motor functions reduced with age.Conclusion:During auditory speech comprehension, dual-pathway brain regions exhibit distinct activity patterns. With heightened noise exposure, an increasing number of brain regions are influenced by aging, manifesting as a general decline in activity in most dual-pathway regions, alongside a selective augmentation in some compensatory regions on the right hemisphere.
