Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and epidemiology of blood stream infections in China, 2012
10.13699/j.cnki.1001-6821.2015.11.030
- VernacularTitle:2012年度全国血标本来源细菌分布及耐药状况
- Author:
Lei TIAN
1
;
Xu-Hui ZHU
;
Zi-Yong SUN
Author Information
1. 华中科技大学 同济医学院 附属同济医院 检验科
- Keywords:
blood stream infection;
antibiotic resistance;
surveillance
- From:
The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
2015;(11):1031-1037
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the distribution and changing pa-ttern of susceptibility in bloodstream infection.Methods The blood cul-ture isolates from 557 tertiary hospitals and 232 second class hospitals were routinely isolated and identified.Antimicrobial susceptibility of these isolates were tested routinely.Results A total of 76483 strains were isolated from blood specimens in the tertiary hospitals during 2012.Gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli accounted for 44.35%and 55.65%, respectively.A total of 6261 strains were isolated from blood specimens in the second-class hospitals during 2012.Gram-po-sitive cocci and gram -negative bacilli accounted for 48.89% and 51.11%, respectively.The most frequent gram-negative bacteria from the tertiary hospitals and the second -class hospitals were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobacter cloacae, the most fre-quent gram-positive bacteria were Coagulase-negative Staphylococus, Staphylococus aureus, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis.700 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae ( 0.8%) , 28 strains of Hemophilus influenza (<0.01%) and 152 strains ofβ-hemolytic Streptococcus(0.18%) were isolated.Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococcus( MRSCN) among Staphy-lococus aureus and Coagulase-negative Staphylococus were 44.4%and 78.0% in the tertiary hospitals,but the ratios were 32.5%and 71.4%in the second-class hospitals, respectively.All the isolates were sensitive to Vancomycin and Linezolid in the Staphylococcus spp.The sensitivity rates of Staphylococcus spp to Amikacin, Rifampicin and Mino-cycline were high ( >80.0%).The sensitivity rates of Enterococcus faecalis to Pencillin and Ampicillin were high (>80.0%).Escherichia coli was sensitive to not only Ampicillin/Sulbactam and Piperacillin/tazobactam (>90.0%) , but also Amikacin and Cefoxitin ( about 80.0%).Pseudomonas aeruginosa was sensitive to all of the common antibiotics almost.But it was just the opposite to Acinetobacter baumannii.Polymyxin B and Cefoperazone/Sulbactam were sensitive to Acinetobacter baumannii in the tertiary hospitals and the second-class hospitals, respec-tively(97.6%and 76.7%).Conclusion The datas of 2012 indicated that gram-negative bacilli, especially Esche-richia coli, played an important role in blood stream infections.A large number of Coagulase-negative Staphylococus, Staphylococus aureus were isolated, so we should carry out steps according to the standard criterion strictly to reduce the contamination rate.Because of different results to the common antibiotics for the different microorganism, antibiotics should be prescribed according to bacterial resistance results reasonably.
