The clinical medicine postdoctoral training program embodies a pioneering initiative in China's pursuit of excellence in medical education in the contemporary era. The establishment of the Department of Rare Diseases at Peking Union Medical College Hospital in 2023 signifies a momentous milestone, making it the nation's inaugural clinical department exclusively dedicated to diagnosis and treatment of patients with rare diseases. Aligned with the Consensus on Core Competency Framework for Residency Education Among China Consortium of Elite Teaching Hospitals for Residency Education, the clinical postdoctoral program in the Department of Rare Diseases underscores a holistic advancement of fundamental competencies within the framework of "three basics and three stricts". This approach is further complemented by the refinement of teaching evaluation and feedback systems. The program aspires to serve as an educational paradigm for cultivating elite talents in the field of rare disease medicine in China and nurture multifaceted talents equipped with exceptional clinical insight and comprehensive capabilities, thereby alleviating the acute shortage of adept professionals in the domain of rare diseases and propelling the field's progression in China.