Leukocytes and lactobacilli of vaginal discharge as a predictor of pelvic inflammatory disease.
- Author:
Jong Seung SHIN
1
;
Cheol Hong PARK
;
E Hwa YOO
;
Sang Gyu LEE
Author Information
1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eulji University Eulji General Hospital, Seoul, Korea. pch3877@hotmail.com
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID);
Vaginal discharge;
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes;
Lactobacillus
- MeSH:
Cross-Sectional Studies;
Diagnosis;
Female;
Humans;
Lactobacillus;
Leukocytes*;
Logistic Models;
Marital Status;
Multivariate Analysis;
Neutrophils;
Odds Ratio;
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease*;
Vaginal Discharge*
- From:Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
2007;50(9):1247-1253
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:Korean
-
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: We performed this study to evaluate whether the vaginal polymorphonuclear leukocytes and few lactobacilli on microscopic evaluation of a saline wet preparations would be associated with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in Korean women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study of 556 women between 16 and 78yrs of age from May 2001 to May 2003. Wet-mount microscopic examination of vaginal discharge was done on all patients. Positive vaginal polymorphonuclear leukocytes was defined as more than 10 white blood cells per high-power field on microscopic examination, and few lactobacilli was defined as less than 30 per high-power field on microscopic examination. The diagnosis of PID was relied on the minimal criteria delineated by the Centers for Disease Contral and Prevention, elevated CRP or ESR and positive anaerobic cultures. RESULTS: On univariate analysis, positive vaginal polymorphonuclear leukocytes and few lactobacilli were associated with PID, but age (less than 25) and marital status were not. On multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression, odds ratios of positive vaginal polymorphonuclear leukocytes and few lactobacilli for PID were 5.995 (95%CI: 3.056-11.761) and 24.39 (95%CI: 10.989-55.556) respectively. The sensitivity and negative predictive value of positive vaginal polymorphonuclear leukocytes or few bacilli for predicting PID were 90.6% and 94.42% respectively. CONCLUSION: Positive vaginal polymorphonuclear leukocytes and few lactobacilli were strongly associated with PID. Positive vaginal polymorphonuclear leukocytes and few lactobacilli have a high sensitivity and negative predictive value for predicting PID. Therefore the existence of vaginal polymorphonuclear leukocytes and few lactobacilli are thought hereafter to be useful marker to diagnose PID.
