Epidemiological characteristics and etiological analysis of an outbreak of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Liaoning Province
10.13200/j.cnki.cjb.004383
- VernacularTitle:辽宁省1起手足口病暴发疫情的流行病学及病原学特征分析
- Author:
LEI Lu
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD);
Enterovirus(EV);
Epidemiology;
Etiology;
Coxsackievirus A16(CVA16)
- From:
Chinese Journal of Biologicals
2024;37(12):1447-1452
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of an outbreak of hand, foot, and mouth disease(HFMD) in Liaoning Province, in order to provide a reference for the formulation of preventive strategies for HFMD.Methods An outbreak of HFMD occurred in a kindergarten in Dalian, Liaoning Province in 2022. The stool and throat swab specimens of 13 patients were collected for nucleic acid detection and enterovirus isolation. After three generations of blind transmission of positive samples, Liaoning isolates were obtained, and the virus nucleic acid was extracted for genome sequencing. The sequencing results were analyzed by BLAST on the website of National Center for Biotechnology Information(NCBI). The VP1 sequences of Coxsackievirus A16(CVA16) epidemic strains and its main serotype prototype strains were downloaded from GenBank as reference strains, and enterovirus A71(EVA71) prototype strainwas taken as an outgroup taxon, which were analyzed for the homology by MEGA 5.2 software. The genetic phylogenetic tree was constructed by neighbor joining, and the phylogenetic analysis of CVA16 VP1 of Liaoning isolates and epidemic strains from different countries or regions in different years was performed. Results A total of 19 patients were reported in this HFMD outbreak, with an attack rate of 7. 45%, and no severe cases or deaths were reported; there were 15 males(accounting for 78. 95%) and 4females(accounting for 21. 05%); there were 4, 9 and 6 cases at the age of 4, 5 and 6 respectively. The outbreak time was from June 14 to 21, 2022, and the peak incidence occurred on June 19, with 10 cases, accounting for 52. 63% of the total cases. A total of 13 Liaoning isolates were obtained, with nucleotide homology of more than 99. 9%, and had the highest sequence homology with CVA16, belonging to sub-genotype B1c. The amino acid sequences of VP1 were almost identical,and mutations occurred at 19 amino acid sites compared with the prototype strain. Conclusion This HFMD epidemic was caused by the same CVA16 pathogen. In the future, the long-term monitoring of CVA16 should be strengthened to provide scientific basis for early warning of HFMD epidemic and reduce the incidence.
