Platelet and Monocyte Microvesicles as Potential Biomarkers of COVID-19 Severity: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
- Author:
Nastasya NUNKI
1
;
Yetti HERNANINGSIH
;
Puspa WARDHANI
;
Asih HERAWATI
;
Narazah Mohd YUSOFF
;
Emmanuel Jairaj MOSES
;
Bambang Pujo SEMEDI
Author Information
- Publication Type:Original Article
- From:Annals of Laboratory Medicine 2024;44(5):392-400
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Background:Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) induces inflammation, coagulopathy following platelet and monocyte activation, and fibrinolysis, resulting in elevated D-dimer levels.Activated platelets and monocytes produce microvesicles (MVs). We analyzed the differences in platelet and monocyte MV counts in mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19, as well as their correlation with D-dimer levels.
Methods:In this cross-sectional study, blood specimens were collected from 90 COVID-19 patients and analyzed for D-dimers using SYSMEX CS-2500. Platelet MVs (PMVs; PMVCD42b+ and PMVCD41a+ ), monocyte MVs (MMVs; MMVCD14+ ), and phosphatidylserinebinding annexin V (PS, AnnV+ ) were analyzed using a BD FACSCalibur instrument.
Results:PMV and MMV counts were significantly increased in COVID-19 patients. AnnV+ PMVCD42b+ and AnnV+ PMVCD41a+ cell counts were higher in patients with severe COVID-19 than in those with moderate clinical symptoms. The median (range) of AnnV+ PMVCD42b+ (MV/µL) in mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19 was 1,118.3 (328.1–1,910.5), 937.4 (311.4–2,909.5), and 1,298.8 (458.2–9,703.5), respectively (P = 0.009). The median (range) for AnnV+ PMVCD41a+ (MV/µL) in mild, moderate, and severe disease was 885.5 (346.3–1,682.7), 663.5 (233.8–2,081.5), and 1,146.3 (333.3–10,296.6), respectively (P = 0.007). D-dimer levels (ng/mL) weak correlated with AnnV+ PMVCD41a+(P = 0.047, r = 0.258).
Conclusions:PMV PMVCD42b+ and PMVCD41a+ counts were significantly increased in patients with severe clinical symptoms, and PMVCD41a+ counts correlated with D-dimer levels. Therefore, MV counts can be used as a potential biomarker of COVID-19 severity.
