Analysis of high myopia and dioptre changes among middle school students in Beijing from 2019 to 2022
10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024210
- VernacularTitle:北京市2019—2022年中学生高度近视及屈光度变化
- Author:
WANG Lu, ZHAO Hai, SUN Bingjie, XIA Zhiwei, ZHANG Jingshu, GUO Xin
1
Author Information
1. Department of School Health, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing (100013) , China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Myopia;
Refraction,ocular;
Prevalence;
Annual percent of change;
Students
- From:
Chinese Journal of School Health
2024;45(7):932-935
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To analyze high myopia and dioptre changes in middle school students in Beijing from 2019 to 2022, so as to provide a basis for formulating preventive and control measures.
Methods:Using stratified cluster random sampling, 16 districts of Beijing were divided into four groups, each of which was respectively composed of 83, 83, 84, and 84 middle schools, in order to examine non cycloplegic auto refraction among the senior grades 1 to 3 students from September to October in each year (from 2019 to 2022). Finally, the dataset results of each of the four groups (21 589, 21 161, 21 561, 21 123) were compared by the Chi square test and trend Chi square test. Trend changes were evaluated by annual percentage change (APC).
Results:The rates of high myopia were higher in female students than in males from 2019 to 2022 (15.60%,14.59%; 15.33%, 14.44%; 14.65 %, 14.17%; 14.63%,13.84%), and the difference in 2019 was statistically significant ( χ 2=4.93, P <0.05). The rates of high myopia in middle school students in urban areas were significantly higher than those in rural areas(16.45%, 13.78%; 16.81 %, 13.00%; 15.84%, 13.06%; 15.85%, 12.72%), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ 2=30.18, 60.43, 33.92 , 42.23, P <0.05). With the increase of grade, the rates of high myopia increased ( χ 2 trend =674.56, 608.38, 655.21, 676.89, P <0.05), with junior grade 3 students being the most robust. The rate of high myopia in middle school students from 2019 to 2022 decreased from 15.09 to 14.22%, with an average annual rate of 2.08% ( APC=-2.08, t=-7.99, P ＜0.05). The refractive error of high myopia middle school students in 2019 and 2022 were -7.44(-10.25, -6.00) and -7.38(-10.00, -6.00)D, respectively, with no statistically significant difference ( H=4.30, P >0.05).
Conclusions:The rate of high myopia in middle school students in Beijing shows a decreasing trend, but it remains at a high level. It is necessary to classify the prevention and control strategy, and standardize the measures in order to manage early onset, high incidence rates, and severe myopia.
