Roles of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Exhaled Breath Condensates in Respiratory Clinical Fields
- Author:
Yong Jun CHOI
1
;
Min Jae LEE
;
Min Kwang BYUN
;
Sangho PARK
;
Jimyung PARK
;
Dongil PARK
;
Sang-Hoon KIM
;
Youngsam KIM
;
Seong Yong LIM
;
Kwang Ha YOO
;
Ki Suck JUNG
;
Hye Jung PARK
Author Information
- Publication Type:Original Article
- From:Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2024;87(1):65-79
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:EN
-
Abstract:
Background:Exhaled condensates contain inflammatory biomarkers; however, their roles in the clinical field have been under-investigated.
Methods:We prospectively enrolled subjects admitted to pulmonology clinics. We collected exhaled breath condensates (EBC) and analysed the levels of six and 12 biomarkers using conventional and multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively.
Results:Among the 123 subjects, healthy controls constituted the largest group (81 participants; 65.9%), followed by the preserved ratio impaired spirometry group (21 patients; 17.1%) and the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) group (21 patients; 17.1%). In COPD patients, platelet derived growth factor-AA exhibited strong positive correlations with COPD assessment test (ρ=0.5926, p=0.0423) and COPD-specific version of St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ-C) score (total, ρ=0.6725, p=0.0166; activity, ρ=0.7176, p=0.0086; and impacts, ρ=0.6151, p=0.0333). Granzyme B showed strong positive correlations with SGRQ-C score (symptoms, ρ=0.6078, p=0.0360; and impacts, ρ=0.6007, p=0.0389). Interleukin 6 exhibited a strong positive correlation with SGRQ-C score (activity, ρ=0.4671, p=0.0378). The absolute serum eosinophil and basophil counts showed positive correlations with pro-collagen I alpha 1 (ρ=0.6735, p=0.0164 and ρ=0.6295, p=0.0283, respectively). In healthy subjects, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity demonstrated significant correlation with CC chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3)/macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (ρ=0.3897 and p=0.0068). FEV1 exhibited significant correlation with CCL11/eotaxin (ρ=0.4445 and p=0.0017).
Conclusion:Inflammatory biomarkers in EBC might be useful to predict quality of life concerning respiratory symptoms and serologic markers. Further studies are needed.
