Immune Evasion of G-CSF and GM-CSF in Lung Cancer
- Author:
Yeonhee PARK
1
;
Chaeuk CHUNG
Author Information
- Publication Type:Review
- From:Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2024;87(1):22-30
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
- Abstract: Tumor immune evasion is a complex process that involves various mechanisms, such as antigen recognition restriction, immune system suppression, and T cell exhaustion. The tumor microenvironment contains various immune cells involved in immune evasion. Recent studies have demonstrated that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induce immune evasion in lung cancer by modulating neutrophils and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Here we describe the origin and function of G-CSF and GM-CSF, particularly their role in immune evasion in lung cancer. In addition, their effects on programmed death-ligand 1 expression and clinical implications are discussed.
