Predictors of outcomes 3 to 12 months after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0288
- Author:
Younes IDERDAR
1
;
Maryem ARRAJI
;
Nadia Al WACHAMI
;
Morad GUENNOUNI
;
Karima BOUMENDIL
;
Yassmine MOURAJID
;
Noureddine ELKHOUDRI
;
Elmadani SAAD
;
Mohamed CHAHBOUNE
Author Information
1. Hassan First University of Settat, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, Settat, Morocco
- Publication Type:Review Article
- From:
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives
2024;15(1):3-17
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:EN
-
Abstract:
The exact factors predicting outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI) remain elusive. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we examined factors influencing outcomes in adult patients with TBI, from 3 months to 1 year after injury. A search of four electronic databases—PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect—yielded 29 studies for review and 16 for meta-analysis, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. In patients with TBI of any severity, mean differences were observed in age (8.72 years; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.77–12.66 years), lymphocyte count (−0.15 × 109/L; 95% CI, −0.18 to −0.11), glucose levels (1.20 mmol/L; 95% CI, 0.73–1.68), and hemoglobin levels (−0.91 g/dL; 95% CI, −1.49 to −0.33) between those with favourable and unfavorable outcomes. The prevalence rates of unfavorable outcomes were as follows: abnormal cisterns, 65.7%; intracranial pressure above 20 mmHg, 52.9%; midline shift of 5 mm or more, 63%; hypotension, 71%; hypoxia, 86.8%; blood transfusion, 70.3%; and mechanical ventilation, 90%. Several predictors were strongly associated with outcome. Specifically, age, lymphocyte count, glucose level, hemoglobin level, severity of TBI, pupillary reaction, and type of injury were identified as potential predictors of long-term outcomes.
