Korean Thyroid Association Guidelines on the Management of Differentiated Thyroid Cancers; Part III. Management of Advanced Differentiated Thyroid Cancers - Chapter 5.Treatment of Metastatic Lesions in Advanced Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma 2024
10.11106/ijt.2024.17.1.182
- Author:
Kyong Yeun JUNG
1
;
Youngduk SEO
;
Ho-Cheol KANG
;
Sun Wook KIM
;
Dong Gyu NA
;
Young Joo PARK
;
Young Shin SONG
;
Dong Yeob SHIN
;
Sang-Woo LEE
;
Eun Kyung LEE
;
Dong-Jun LIM
;
Yun Jae CHUNG
;
Won Gu KIM
;
Author Information
1. Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
- Publication Type:REVIEW ARTICLES
- From:International Journal of Thyroidology
2024;17(1):182-187
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:EN
-
Abstract:
Only a small percentage of patients (2-5%) with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) exhibit distant metastasis at the initial diagnosis or during the disease course. The most common metastatic sites of DTC are the lungs, followed by the bones. Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is considered the primary treatment for RAI-avid distant metastatic DTC. Depending on the characteristics of metastatic lesions, local treatment such as surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation, and external beam radiation therapy may be considered for some patients with metastatic DTC. Slowly growing and asymptomatic metastases can be monitored with follow-up while receiving thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression therapy. In patients with a limited number of lung metastases and good performance status, surgical removal of the metastatic lesions may be considered. Systemic therapy should be considered for patients with progressive RAI refractory DTC. In this clinical guideline, we aim to outline the treatment principles for patients with lung, bone, and brain metastases of DTC.
