Distribution of maternal risk factors for orofacial cleft in infants in Indonesia: a multicenter prospective study
- Author:
Andi TAJRIN
1
;
M. RUSLIN
;
Muh. Irfan RASUL
;
Nurwahida
;
Hadira
;
Husni MUBARAK
;
Katharina OGINAWATI
;
Nurul FAHIMAH
;
Ikeu TANZIHA
;
Annisa Dwi DAMAYANTI
;
Utriweni MUKHAIYAR
;
Asri ARUMSARI
;
Ida Ayu ASTUTI
;
Farah Asnely PUTRI
;
Shinta SILVIA
Author Information
- Publication Type:Original Article
- From:Archives of Craniofacial Surgery 2024;25(1):11-16
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:EN
-
Abstract:
Background:The pathogenesis of orofacial cleft (OFC) is multifactorial, involving both genetic and non-genetic factors, the latter of which play a key role in the development of these anomalies. This paper addresses the incidence of OFC in Indonesia, with a focus on identifying and examining the distribution of contributory factors, including parental medical history, pregnancy history, and environmental influences.
Methods:The study was conducted through the collection of primary data. An interdisciplinary research team from Indonesia administered a standardized questionnaire to parents who had children with OFC and who had provided informed consent. The case group comprised 133 children born with cleft lip and/or palate, and the control was 133 noncleft children born full-term. The risk factors associated with OFC anomalies were analyzed using the chi-square test and logistic regression. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25. A p-value of 0.05 or less was considered to indicate statistical significance.
Results:The study comprised 138 children, of whom 82 were boys (59.4%) and 56 were girls (40.6%). Among them, 45 patients (32.6%) presented with both cleft lip and cleft palate, 25 individuals (18.1%) had a cleft palate only, and 28 patients (20.3%) had a cleft lip only. OFC was found to be significantly associated with a maternal family history of congenital birth defects (p< 0.05), complications during the first trimester (p< 0.05), consumption of local fish (p< 0.05), caffeine intake (p< 0.05), prolonged medication use (p< 0.05), immunization history (p< 0.05), passive smoking (p< 0.05), and X-ray exposure during pregnancy (p< 0.05).
Conclusion:The findings indicate close relationships between the incidence of OFC and maternal medical history, prenatal factors, and environmental influences.
