Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of avian infectious bronchitis virus from an imported chicken meat product in Malaysia
https://doi.org/10.47665/tb.41.1.004
- Author:
Leow, B.L.
1
;
Shohaimi, S.A.
1
;
Mohd. Yusop, F.F.
1
;
Sidik, M.R.
1
;
Mohd. Saeid, F.H.
1
Author Information
1. Veterinary Research Institute (VRI), 59, Jalan Sultan Azlan Shah, 31400 Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Avian infectious bronchitis;
GI-19 lineage;
QX strain;
imported meat product;
Malaysia
- From:Tropical Biomedicine
2024;41(No.1):29-35
- CountryMalaysia
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Avian infectious bronchitis (IB), a Gammacoronavirus, is a highly contagious upper respiratory disease,
affecting chickens of all ages with a significant economic threat to the poultry industry. In February 2020,
a specimen of imported chicken meat product was received and requested for coronavirus testing. The
result was positive for the avian coronavirus, the IB virus (IBV) by molecular detection in the pre-screening
test. Thus, this study aimed to isolate and characterize the IBV from the specimen. Virus isolation via
egg inoculation was attempted and IBV was successfully isolated. The S1 subunit of the spike (S) gene of
the IBV was amplified, sequenced, and the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis showed
that the IBV has 99% and 98% nucleotide similarity with the Malaysian and China IBVs, respectively. The
phylogenetic analysis indicated that the virus belongs to the GI-19 lineage (also known as the QX strain)
and is grouped with other IBVs from Malaysia and China. The GI-19 lineage is one of the primary IB
strains that circulate in Malaysia. The recovery of the virus may be due to the persistence characteristic
of the virus on meat; and the cold chain practices in the imported food product prolong the survival
of this coronavirus. Though IBV is not identified as a hazard in chicken meat or meat products, raw
food should be cooked thoroughly before being consumed. With the increase in international trade in
poultry and poultry products, disease screening at the entry point and import risk analysis is crucial to
ensure food safety and prevent the introduction of new viruses into Malaysia.
- Full text:20240710145604890898.2024my1450.pdf
