Recurrent epithelioid glioblastoma in a young patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: A case report
- Author:
Renato C. Galvan, Jr.
1
;
Paul Vincent A. Opinaldo
2
;
Ma. Luisa Gwenn F. Pabellano-Tiongson
2
Author Information
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- MeSH: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Glioblastoma
- From: Philippine Journal of Neurology 2024;27(1):15-19
- CountryPhilippines
- Language:English
- Abstract: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) represents the most malignant form of brain tumor and is relatively common, comprising nearly almost 20% of all primary malignancies of the central nervous system1. GBM is a WHO grade IV tumor with several variants, depending primarily on their genetic signature and on the predominant histological architecture. Among the variants of GBM, epithelioid glioblastoma (E-GBM) has been one of the more recently described. This tumor, documented to be highly malignant and clinically aggressive, has been separated from close variants and thus differentials, pleomorphic anaplastic xanthoastrocytoma, rhabdoid GBM, small cell and giant cell GBM, GBM with neuroectodermal differentiation, and gliosarcoma2. Autoimmune diseases have been linked within creased risk of CNS complications, from the constant effects of chronic inflammatory milieu. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been associated with several CNS abnormalities, hence the terms CNS lupus or neuropsychiatric lupus. Likewise, SLE has been repeatedly associated with CNS malignancies in several cases and case reports. To date, there is paucity in the reported cases of malignant brain tumors, especially rare variants, in patients with SLE. While it is hypothesized that the inflammatory milieu that bathes the brain in a dynamic microenvironment that influences the incidence of rare variants of GBM, clinicians should be mindful, as treatment is challenging: it may either induce exacerbation of autoimmunity or cause undertreatment of the malignancy. This complex interplay births curiosity into the enigma of autoimmunity and oncology. In this particular report, we highlight the case of a patient with SLE who developed E-GBM. We identify the clinicopathologic features of the tumor present in the patient and explore the known aspects of the crosstalk between SLE and E-GBM.
- Full text:2024062911570182020pjn 1.pdf
