Sociodemographic and clinical profiles of patients with primary open angle glaucoma in Gwagwalada, Nigeria

Ayansiji Ayanniyi Abdulkabir; Olarongbe Mahmoud Abdulraheem; Olamide Johnsam Yetunde; Ibrahim Rauf Rauf; Paul Ejeba David; Ujunwa Akasike-enuh Rosita; Oluwatosin Bisiriyu Emmanuel; Uche Afam-osemene Margaret; Adamma Chijioke Eunice; Amos Damter Pankyes; Linus Agwadu Nkosi

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Sociodemographic and clinical profiles of patients with primary open angle glaucoma in Gwagwalada, Nigeria

VernacularTitle:尼日利亚Gwagwalada原发性开角型青光眼患者的社会人口学和临床特征
Author: Ayansiji Ayanniyi ABDULKABIR ^{1
,

2} ; Olarongbe Mahmoud ABDULRAHEEM ^{1
,

2} ; Olamide JohnSam YETUNDE ^{1
,

2} ; Ibrahim Rauf RAUF ^{1
,

2} ; Paul Ejeba DAVID ^{1
,

2} ; Ujunwa Akasike-Enuh ROSITA ^{1
,

2} ; Oluwatosin Bisiriyu EMMANUEL ^{1
,

2} ; Uche Afam-Osemene MARGARET ^{1
,

2} ; Adamma Chijioke EUNICE ^{1
,

2} ; Amos Damter PANKYES ^{1
,

2} ; Linus Agwadu NKOSI ^{1
,

2}
Author Information

1. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Abuja, Abuja 902101, Nigeria
2. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada 902101, Nigeria
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: primary open angle glaucoma; Nigeria; glaucoma; sociodemography
From: International Eye Science 2024;24(7):1005-1012
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: AIM: To determine and compare clinico-sociodemographic profiles of primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)with non-glaucoma eye patients in Gwagwalada, Nigeria.METHODS:A cross-sectional comparative study. A total of 235 adult patients including 96 with POAG and 139 non-glaucoma were included. General characteristics such as age, gender, education, vocation, ethnicity, family history of glaucoma, ocular itching, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were recorded. Ocular examinations included visual acuity, central visual field, cup disc ratio, anterior chamber angle assessment, and intraocular pressure.RESULTS:Mean age was 49.88+13.75 years and 114(48.5%)were males. Patients with POAG comprised 42 ethnics with Igbo(24/96, 25.0%)and Yoruba(20/96, 20.8%)being most common. Most POAG(74/96, 77.1%)were in the age range 40-69. The POAG(73/96, 76.0%)had varied visual impairment. The POAG versus non-glaucoma as follows: positive family history of glaucoma(34/96, 35.4%)vs (25/139, 18.0%; P=0.012); history of diabetes mellitus(8/96, 8.3%)vs(6/139, 4.3%); hypertension(24/96, 25.0%)vs(28/139, 20.1%); combined diabetes mellitus and hypertension(1/96, 1.0%)vs(4/139, 2.9%; P=0.268); antidiabetic drugs(5/96, 5.2%)vs(7/139, 5.0%); antihypertensives drugs(24/96, 25.0%)vs(23/139, 16.5%); combined antidiabetic and antihypertensive drugs(4/96, 4.2%)vs(5/139, 3.6%; P=0.328); ocular itching(18/96, 18.7%)vs(37/139, 26.6%; P=0.328); visual impairment [right eye(RE):51/96, 53.1%; left eye(LE):60/96, 62.5%] vs(RE:40/139, 28.7%; LE:37/139, 26.6%; P=0.000); vertical cup disc ratio>0.4(RE: 96/96, 100.0%; LE:96/96, 100.0%)vs(RE:131/139, 94.2%; LE:124/139, 89.2%)(RE: P=0.307; LE: P=0.006); intraocular pressure >22 mmHg(RE: 17/96, 17.7%; LE: 22/96, 22.9%)vs(RE: 2/139, 1.4%; LE: 2/139, 1.4%; P=0.006). Most POAG(60/96, 62.5%)were on antiglaucoma drugs and(23/96, 24.0%)were yet to commence medication(P=0.000). Many POAG(32/96, 33.3%)were on combination antiglaucoma drugs of beta blockers, prostaglandin inhibitors and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.CONCLUSION:Glaucoma has distinguishing clinico-sociodemographic features from other eye conditions. Many participants affirmed family history of glaucoma, and most glaucoma participants were on antiglaucoma treatment. The visual impairment including blindness was significantly associated with glaucoma. The study affirmed open angle glaucoma was associated with high cup-disc ratio and high intra ocular pressure.