The roles of non-pharmacologic and emerging pharmacologic management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and sarcopenia: A narrative review
https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.039.01.04
- Author:
Frederick Berro Rivera
1
;
Arcel Adizas
2
;
Deanna Cubarrubias
2
;
Nathan Ross Bantayan
2
;
Sarang Choi
3
;
Genquen Philip Carado
4
;
Marc Gregory Yu
5
;
Edgar Lerma
6
;
Krishnaswami Vijayaraghavan
7
Author Information
1. Lincoln Medical Center, New York (NY), USA
2. College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Ermita, Manila, Philippines
3. Ateneo de Manila School of Medicine and Public Health, Pasig City, Philippines
4. College of Medicine, University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center, Philippines
5. Section of Vascular Cell Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
6. Section of Nephrology, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
7. University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords:
Fatty liver disease
- MeSH:
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease;
Sarcopenia
- From:
Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies
2024;39(1):84-94
- CountryPhilippines
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent causes of chronic liver disease worldwide which is often seen in patients with metabolic abnormalities such as those with obesity and insulin resistance. On the other hand, sarcopenia is a generalized and progressive skeletal muscle disorder characterized by low muscle strength, low muscle quality, low physical performance, or a combination of the three. Both disease entities share several underlying risk factors and pathophysiologic mechanisms. These include: (1) cardiometabolic overlaps such as insulin resistance, chronic systemic inflammation, decreased vitamin D levels, sex hormone modifications; (2) muscle-related factors such as those mitigated by myostatin signaling, and myokines (i.e., irisin); and (3) liver-dysfunction related factors such as those associated with growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 Axis, hepatokines (i.e., selenoprotein P and leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin-2), fibroblast growth factors 21 and 19 (FGF21 and FGF19), and hyperammonemia. This narrative review will examine the pathophysiologic overlaps that can explain the links between NAFLD and sarcopenia. Furthermore, this review will explore the emerging roles of nonpharmacologic (e.g., weight reduction, diet, alcohol, and smoking cessation, and physical activity) and pharmacologic management (e.g., roles of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate, branched-chain amino acid supplements, and testosterone therapy) to improve care, intervention sustainability, and acceptability for patients with sarcopenia-associated NAFLD.
- Full text:2024060316492243498jafes 13.pdf
