The role of DNA methylation detection in the early diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer
10.3760/cma.j.cn114452-20231024-00229
- VernacularTitle:DNA甲基化检测在肺癌早期诊断和预后判断中的应用
- Author:
Xinwen ZHANG
1
;
Shixuan PENG
;
Qing YANG
;
Jiating ZHOU
;
Xuan ZHANG
;
Zilan XIE
;
Mengle LONG
;
Qingyang WEN
;
Yi HE
;
Zhi LI
;
Yongjun WU
Author Information
1. 南华大学衡阳医学院湘潭市第一人民医院研究生协同培养基地，衡阳 421001
- Keywords:
DNA methylation;
Epigenesis, genetic;
Lung neoplasms;
Liquid biopsy
- From:
Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
2024;47(4):371-378
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Lung cancer is the leading type of cancer death, and most patients with lung cancer are diagnosed at an advanced stage and have a very poor prognosis. Although low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has entered the clinic as a screening tool for lung cancer, its false-positive rate is more than 90%. As one of the epigenetic modifications of research hotspots, DNA methylation plays a key role in a variety of diseases, including cancer.Hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes and hypomethylation of proto-oncogenes are important events in tumorigenesis and development. Therefore, DNA methylation analysis can provide some useful information for the early screening, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of lung cancer. Although invasive methods such as tissue biopsy remain the gold standard for tumor diagnosis and monitoring, they also have limitations such as inconvenience in sampling. In recent years, there has been a rapid development of liquid biopsy, which can detect primary or metastatic malignancies and reflect the heterogeneity of tumors. In addition, the blood sample can be collected in a minimally invasive or non-invasive format and is well tolerated in older and frail patients. This article explores some of the emerging technologies for DNA methylation analysis and provides an overview of the application of DNA methylation in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.
