Clinical characteristics and risk factors for primary gout patients with multiple subcutaneous tophi
10.3760/cma.j.cn311282-20230406-00158
- VernacularTitle:皮下多发痛风石患者的临床特点及相关危险因素研究
- Author:
Tian LIU
1
;
Lidan MA
;
Xiaoyu CHENG
;
Zhaotong JIA
;
Ying CHEN
;
Changgui LI
;
Ruixia SUN
Author Information
1. 青岛大学附属医院内分泌与代谢病科，青岛 266003
- Keywords:
Gout;
Tophi;
Multiple tophi;
Risk factors
- From:
Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
2023;39(11):950-954
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of multiple tophi among gout patients.Methods:Gout patients treated at Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from September 2017 to September 2021 were included retrospectively. According to the number of tophi, the patients were divided into the multiple tophi group, the single tophi group and the non-tophi group. Clinical data were collected, biochemical indices and urine pH value were determined. One- way ANOVA or Chi-square test was used to compare groups, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors. Results:The age, disease course, blood pressure, serum uric acid, urea nitrogen, and the rate of family history, smoking, drinking, gout attacks≥2 twice per year, hypertension, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, kidney stones in the multiple tophi group were significantly higher than those in the single tophi group and the non-tophi group. The glomerular filtration rate, urine pH value and the rate of regular exercise were significantly lower than those of single tophi group and non-tophi group. In the multiple tophi group, 245 cases(44.46%) were involved in the interphalangeal joint or metacarpophalangeal joint, 212 cases(38.47%) were involved in other joints of the upper limb, which was second only to the first metatarsophalangeal joint(349 cases, 63.33%). Logistic regression analysis showed that the course of disease, urea nitrogen, serum uric acid, positive family history, drinking, gout attacks ≥twice per year and hypertension were the risk factors for multiple tophi in gout patients. Conclusion:Patients with a long disease course, elevated uric acid, high urea nitrogen, positive family history, alcohol consumption, frequent gout flare and hypertension are more likely to develop multiple tophi.
