Enhancing bone regeneration: advances and innovations in exosome engineering
10.3760/cma.j.cn121113-20230825-00122
- VernacularTitle:外泌体的优化策略及在促进骨修复再生中的应用研究进展
- Author:
Changjun CHEN
1
;
Xin ZHAO
;
Yue LUO
;
Pengde KANG
Author Information
1. 四川大学华西医院骨外科，成都 610041
- Keywords:
Exosomes;
Bone regeneration;
Biocompatible materials;
Tissue engineering
- From:
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics
2023;43(24):1688-1694
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Effective bone repair and regeneration is crucial for treating skeletal tissue defects, including osteonecrosis, nonunion fractures, osteoporosis, and various other bone deficiencies. Exosomes, as cellular secretory vesicles, are pivotal in mediating intercellular communication through their cargo of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes, in particular, have emerged as promising agents in bone repair and regeneration, showing potential for practical application and clinical translation. Nonetheless, their functional capacity and therapeutic efficacy require enhancement. This review delineates exosome optimization strategies aimed at augmenting secretion and functionality, alongside the incorporation of exosome-functionalized biomaterials for bone healing. Evidence indicates that physical stimulation, molecular interventions, and small-molecule or biomaterial stimuli are effective in increasing exosome output. Moreover, engineering exosomes and their parental cells can further potentiate their therapeutic function. The amalgamation of exosomes with biomaterials represents a burgeoning approach in bone tissue engineering, offering novel therapeutic avenues. This comprehensive analysis aims to guide future applications and the clinical adoption of exosomes in bone tissue restoration.
