Research progress in imaging manifestations and diagnosis and treatment of ectopic thyroid
10.3760/cma.j.cn431274-20221228-01360
- VernacularTitle:异位甲状腺影像学表现与诊疗的研究进展
- Author:
Xinyao SUN
1
;
Wenpeng HUANG
;
Lele SONG
;
Lei KANG
Author Information
1. 北京大学第一医院核医学科，北京 100034
- Keywords:
Ectopic thyroid;
Radionuclide imaging;
Magnetic resonance imaging
- From:
Journal of Chinese Physician
2023;25(12):1900-1904
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Ectopic thyroid (ETG) is a thyroid tissue located outside the normal anatomical position, often occurring in the chest. Clinical symptoms are related to its location and its impact on adjacent structures. In ETG imaging examination, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) nuclide imaging of thyroid perchlorate ( 99Tc mO 4-) is the most commonly used method for localization and characterization. ETG with normal function shows high radiation uptake in the corresponding area. For difficult to distinguish tumors in the base of the tongue and the thyrohyoid region, 131I or 123I imaging with more specificity for thyroid tissue uptake is needed. ETG exhibits a variety of manifestations in computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), mostly irregular soft tissue density masses with clear boundaries and uneven density. There are low-density cystic changes or high-density calcifications within the masses, with uneven or uniform enhancement. In ultrasound, ETG is mainly hypoechoic, with some showing cystic solid echoes and abundant blood flow signals within the gland. Asymptomatic ETG patients usually do not require treatment, while symptomatic patients often require surgical resection and have a good prognosis. Before surgery, relevant examinations should be combined to clarify the nature of the tumor as much as possible, to avoid permanent hypothyroidism caused by misdiagnosis and misresection.
