Diagnosis, treatment and research progress of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in children

VernacularTitle:儿童过敏性肺炎的诊治及研究进展
Author: Yanni LI ¹ ; Yongsheng XU ; Hanquan DONG
Author Information

1. 天津市儿童医院（天津大学儿童医院）呼吸科，天津　300134
Keywords: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis; Interstitial lung disease; Fibrotic; Nonfibrotic; Child
From: Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics 2024;39(2):142-146
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an immune-mediated interstitial lung disease (ILD). It is a disease with highly heterogeneous clinical manifestations, severity and outcomes, which are associated with individual sensitivity, as well as property, dosage, duration and frequency of exposure to the antigens.The 2020 adult HP guideline reclassifies it and describes its radiographic features in detail.HP often occurs in adults, also affects the pediatric population and is one of the most common ILDs in children.The most common factors causing HP in children are avian and fungal antigens in the home environment.The diagnosis of HP is based on clear antigens, typical symptoms and characteristic radiological manifestations.The serum-specific IgG antibody, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and pulmonary function tests can help diagnose HP clearly, and lung histopathology is required for children whose diagnosis cannot be confirmed.Early diagnosis and adequate avoidance of antigen exposure are the keys to its treatment and prognosis.