Peripheral immune profile and gene variations of 11 immunodeficiency virus-negative children with Talaromyces marneffei infection
10.3760/cma.j.cn101070-20230629-00544
- VernacularTitle:人类免疫缺陷病毒阴性儿童马尔尼菲篮状菌感染11例外周血免疫学特征及基因变异分析
- Author:
Huifeng FAN
1
;
Senqiang ZENG
;
Li HUANG
;
Tian LI
;
Xuehua XU
;
Dongwei ZHANG
;
Gen LU
Author Information
1. 广州医科大学附属广州市妇女儿童医疗中心呼吸科，广州 510623
- Keywords:
Child;
Talaromyces marneffei;
Immune profile;
Gene variation;
Inborn errors of immunity
- From:
Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
2024;39(1):44-48
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To explore the immunological characteristics of peripheral blood and genetic variations of 11 immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-negative children with Talaromyces marneffei(TM) infection, thus enhancing the diagnostic and therapeutic levels of TM infection in children. Methods:Clinical data of 11 HIV-negative children with TM infection who presented to Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University from January 2010 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including clinical characteristics, peripheral immune profile and genetic test results.Results:A total of 11 HIV-negative children with TM infections were recruited, involving 9 males and 2 females with a median age of 19 months.The main clinical manifestations were fever (10/11, 90.91%), cough (10/11, 90.91%) and hepatomegaly (7/11, 63.64%). Common severe complications included acute respiratory distress syndrome (7/11, 63.64%) and septic shock (5/11, 45.45%). Finally, 2 children died.Transient neutropenia occurred in 6 cases (6/11, 54.55%), and lymphocytopenia combined with serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G decrease was observed in 4 cases (4/11, 36.36%). IgA decrease, IgM decrease, IgE decrease, IgM increase and IgE increase were observed in 6 cases, 3 cases, 5 cases, 3 cases, and 2 cases, respectively.Both T-lymphocyte and B-lymphocyte counts decreases was observed in 1 case.Genetic testing was performed in all recruited children, and genetic variations were detected in all of them.Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) were diagnosed in 8 cases, including 4 diagnosed as CD 40 ligand deficiency with CD40LG variation, 1 of severe combined immunodeficiency with IL2RG variation, 1 of Signal transduction and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)-hyper-IgE syndrome with STAT3 variation and 1 of familial candidiasis type 2 with CARD9 compound heterozygous mutations.In the other 3 cases, 2 carried genetic variations that were likely pathogenic, and 1 case was considered uncertain. Conclusions:The clinical manifestations of HIV-negative children with TM infection are atypical, which is characterized as serious complications and high mortality.Early identification and gene testing to detect potential IEIs can improve the prognosis of TM infection.
