Research progress in role of composition and structure of basement membrane in epithelial cell polarization and its mechanism
10.13481/j.1671-587X.20240133
- VernacularTitle:基底膜成分和结构对上皮细胞极化的作用及其机制研究进展
- Author:
Xueying BAI
1
,
2
;
Xiaoling WANG
;
Jinbiao QIANG
;
Xinyi FAN
;
Ce SHI
Author Information
1. 吉林大学口腔医院口腔病理科, 吉林 长春 130021
2. 吉林大学口腔医院 吉林省牙发育及颌骨重塑与再生重点实验室, 吉林 长春 130021
- Keywords:
Basement membrane;
Epithelial cell polarity;
Apical-basal polarity;
Laminin;
Mesenchymal cell
- From:
Journal of Jilin University(Medicine Edition)
2024;50(1):265-272
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
The basement membrane is a specialized extracellular matrix between the epithelium and the mesenchyme.In stratified epithelium,only the basal cells in contact with the basement membrane exhibit the apical-basal polarity,whereas the epithelial cells do being not in contact with the basement membrane do not exhibit the apical-basal polarity.The basement membrane plays an important role in epithelial cell polarization.It is an important extracellular matrix(ECM)structure in the multicellular organisms,is situated between the epithelium and the mesenchyme,and is produced jointly by the epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells.Its components mainly include Laminin,type Ⅳ collagen(Col-Ⅳ),nidogen(NDG),and heparan sulfate proteoglycans(HSPG),and each component plays the different role in influencing the epithelial cell polarity.The network scaffold formed by Col-Ⅳ and Laminin is the main structure of the basement membrane,and the integrity of the structure affects the epithelial cell polarization.This review summarizes the composition and structure of the basement membrane,focuses on its role in epithelial cell polarization and its mechanism,and compiles the current status of biomimetic basement membrane materials that promotes the epithelial cell polarization,and provides the theoretical foundation for further exploration of the establishment and maintenance of epithelial cell polarity.
