Cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory cytokine profiles of patients with neurotropic parasitic infections
https://doi.org/10.47665/tb.40.4.005
- Author:
John, D.V.
1
;
Sreenivas, N.
2
;
Deora, H.
3
;
Purushottam, M.
4
;
Debnath, M.
2
;
Mahadevan, A.
5
;
Patil, S.A.
1
Author Information
1. Department of Neuromicrobiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
2. Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
3. Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
4. Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
5. Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Cytokines;
multiplex suspension assay;
Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis;
Neurocysticercosis;
Cerebral toxoplasmosis.
- From:Tropical Biomedicine
2023;40(No.4):406-415
- CountryMalaysia
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
The pathogenesis of chronic parasitic central nervous system (CNS) infections, including granulomatous
amoebic meningoencephalitis (GAE), cerebral toxoplasmosis (CT), and neurocysticercosis (NCC), is
primarily due to an inflammatory host reaction to the parasite. Inflammatory cytokines produced by
invading T cells, monocytes, and CNS resident cells lead to neuroinflammation which underlie the
immunopathology of these infections. Immune molecules, especially cytokines, can therefore emerge
as potential biomarker(s) of CNS parasitic infections. In this study, cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) samples
from suspected patients with parasitic infections were screened for pathogenic free-living amoebae by
culture (n=2506) and PCR (n=275). Six proinflammatory cytokines in smear and culture-negative CSF
samples from patients with GAE (n = 2), NCC (n = 7), and CT (n = 23) as well as control (n = 7) patients
were measured using the Multiplex Suspension assay. None of the CSF samples tested was positive for
neurotropic free-living amoebae by culture and only two samples showed Acanthamoeba 18S rRNA by
PCR. Of the six cytokines measured, only IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly increased in all three infection
groups compared to the control group. In addition, TNFa levels were higher in the GAE and NCC groups
and IL-17 in the GAE group compared to controls. The levels of IL-1b and IFNg were very low in all the
infection groups and the control group. There was a correlation between CSF cellularity and increased
levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNFa in 11 patients. Thus, quantifying inflammatory cytokine levels in CSF might
help with understanding the level of neuroinflammation in patients with neurotropic parasitic diseases.
Further studies with clinico-microbiological correlation in the form of reduction of cytokine levels with
treatment and the correlation with neurological deficits are needed.
- Full text:8.2023my1436.pdf
