Bear bile powder alleviates Parkinson's disease-like behavior in mice by inhibiting astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation.
10.1016/S1875-5364(23)60449-2
- Author:
Lupeng WANG
1
;
Yuyan BAI
1
;
Yanlin TAO
1
;
Wei SHEN
1
;
Houyuan ZHOU
1
;
Yixin HE
1
;
Hui WU
1
;
Fei HUANG
1
;
Hailian SHI
1
;
Xiaojun WU
2
Author Information
1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The State Administration of TCM (SATCM) Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The State Administration of TCM (SATCM) Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China. Electronic address: xiaojunwu320@126.com.
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Astrocyte;
Bear bile powder;
Neuroinflammation;
Parkinson's disease;
Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5
- MeSH:
Humans;
Mice;
Rats;
Animals;
Aged;
Middle Aged;
Parkinson Disease/pathology*;
Astrocytes/pathology*;
Powders/therapeutic use*;
Ursidae/metabolism*;
NF-kappa B/metabolism*;
Neuroinflammatory Diseases;
Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism*;
Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism*;
Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology*;
Bile;
Mice, Inbred C57BL;
Microglia;
Disease Models, Animal
- From:
Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines (English Ed.)
2023;21(9):710-720
- CountryChina
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged and elderly people. In particular, increasing evidence has showed that astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of PD. As a precious traditional Chinese medicine, bear bile powder (BBP) has a long history of use in clinical practice. It has numerous activities, such as clearing heat, calming the liver wind and anti-inflammation, and also exhibits good therapeutic effect on convulsive epilepsy. However, whether BBP can prevent the development of PD has not been elucidated. Hence, this study was designed to explore the effect and mechanism of BBP on suppressing astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation in a mouse model of PD. PD-like behavior was induced in the mice by intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) (30 mg·kg-1) for five days, followed by BBP (50, 100, and 200 mg·kg-1) treatment daily for ten days. LPS stimulated rat C6 astrocytic cells were used as a cell model of neuroinflammation. THe results indicated that BBP treatment significantly ameliorated dyskinesia, increased the levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and inhibited astrocyte hyperactivation in the substantia nigra (SN) of PD mice. Furthermore, BBP decreased the protein levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and up-regulated the protein levels of takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) in the SN. Moreover, BBP significantly activated TGR5 in a dose-dependent manner, and decreased the protein levels of GFAP, iNOS and COX2, as well as the mRNA levels of GFAP, iNOS, COX2, interleukin (IL) -1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in LPS-stimulated C6 cells. Notably, BBP suppressed the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT), inhibitor of NF-κB (IκBα) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) proteins in vivo and in vitro. We also observed that TGR5 inhibitor triamterene attenuated the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of BBP on LPS-stimulated C6 cells. Taken together, BBP alleviates the progression of PD mice by suppressing astrocyte-mediated inflammation via TGR5.
