Anemoside B4 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro and in vivo.
10.1016/j.chmed.2023.09.005
- Author:
Mingyue XIAO
1
;
Ronghua LUO
2
;
Qinghua LIANG
1
;
Honglv JIANG
1
;
Yanli LIU
1
;
Guoqiang XU
1
;
Hongwei GAO
3
;
Yongtang ZHENG
2
;
Qiongming XU
1
;
Shilin YANG
1
Author Information
1. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
2. Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.
3. College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, China.
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
RNA metabolism;
SARS-CoV-2;
anemoside B4;
interferon;
quantitative proteomics
- From:
Chinese Herbal Medicines
2024;16(1):106-112
- CountryChina
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:Anemoside B4 (AB4), the most abundant triterpenoidal saponin isolated from Pulsatilla chinensis, inhibited influenza virus FM1 or Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced pneumonia. However, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect of AB4 has not been unraveled. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the antiviral activity and potential mechanism of AB4 in inhibiting human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in vivo and in vitro.
METHODS:The cytotoxicity of AB4 was evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay. SARS-CoV-2 infected HEK293T, HPAEpiC, and Vero E6 cells were used for in vitro assays. The antiviral effect of AB4 in vivo was evaluated by SARS-CoV-2-infected hACE2-IRES-luc transgenic mouse model. Furthermore, label-free quantitative proteomics and bioinformatic analysis were performed to explore the potential antiviral mechanism of action of AB4. Type I IFN signaling-associated proteins were assessed using Western blotting or immumohistochemical staining.
RESULTS:The data showed that AB4 reduced the propagation of SARS-CoV-2 along with the decreased Nucleocapsid protein (N), Spike protein (S), and 3C-like protease (3CLpro) in HEK293T cells. In vivo antiviral activity data revealed that AB4 inhibited viral replication and relieved pneumonia in a SARS-CoV-2 infected mouse model. We further disclosed that the antiviral activity of AB4 was associated with the enhanced interferon (IFN)-β response via the activation of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-1) like receptor (RLP) pathways. Additionally, label-free quantitative proteomic analyses discovered that 17 proteins were significantly altered by AB4 in the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infections cells. These proteins mainly clustered in RNA metabolism.
CONCLUSION:Our results indicated that AB4 inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication through the RLR pathways and moderated the RNA metabolism, suggesting that it would be a potential lead compound for the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs.
