Oral squamous cell carcinomas: state of the field and emerging directions.
10.1038/s41368-023-00249-w
- Author:
Yunhan TAN
1
;
Zhihan WANG
1
;
Mengtong XU
1
;
Bowen LI
1
;
Zhao HUANG
1
;
Siyuan QIN
1
;
Edouard C NICE
2
;
Jing TANG
3
;
Canhua HUANG
4
Author Information
1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.
2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
3. Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. tangjing@wchscu.cn.
4. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China. hcanhua@hotmail.com.
- Publication Type:Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- MeSH:
Humans;
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy*;
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck;
Mouth Neoplasms/therapy*;
Head and Neck Neoplasms;
Tumor Microenvironment
- From:
International Journal of Oral Science
2023;15(1):44-44
- CountryChina
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) develops on the mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity. It accounts for approximately 90% of oral malignancies and impairs appearance, pronunciation, swallowing, and flavor perception. In 2020, 377,713 OSCC cases were reported globally. According to the Global Cancer Observatory (GCO), the incidence of OSCC will rise by approximately 40% by 2040, accompanied by a growth in mortality. Persistent exposure to various risk factors, including tobacco, alcohol, betel quid (BQ), and human papillomavirus (HPV), will lead to the development of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), which are oral mucosal lesions with an increased risk of developing into OSCC. Complex and multifactorial, the oncogenesis process involves genetic alteration, epigenetic modification, and a dysregulated tumor microenvironment. Although various therapeutic interventions, such as chemotherapy, radiation, immunotherapy, and nanomedicine, have been proposed to prevent or treat OSCC and OPMDs, understanding the mechanism of malignancies will facilitate the identification of therapeutic and prognostic factors, thereby improving the efficacy of treatment for OSCC patients. This review summarizes the mechanisms involved in OSCC. Moreover, the current therapeutic interventions and prognostic methods for OSCC and OPMDs are discussed to facilitate comprehension and provide several prospective outlooks for the fields.
