Research progress on immunological properties of ESAT-6 secreted by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its role in new vaccines.
- Author:
Yujie LI
1
;
Haiyan YU
1
;
Yuting YANG
1
;
Guoping YANG
2
Author Information
1. Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Dali University, DaLi 671000, China.
2. Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Dali University, DaLi 671000, China. *Corresponding author, E-mail: qjygpp33@163.com.
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- MeSH:
Humans;
Mycobacterium tuberculosis;
Vaccines;
Cytokines;
Apoptosis;
Autophagy;
Sepsis
- From:
Chinese Journal of Cellular and Molecular Immunology
2024;40(1):89-94
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Early secreted antigenic target of 6 kDa protein (ESAT-6) is the major virulence factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), which can resist the clearance of MTB in bodies by inhibiting macrophage phagocytosis and autophagy reaction, thus impeding the immune defense function of the body against MTB infection. In addition, ESAT-6-induced apoptosis of macrophage and massive necrosis of innate immune cells can foster MTB proliferation and colonization, leading to systemic MTB infection. Moreover, ESAT-6 hampers the protective immune response of Th1 cells, reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and contributing to immune dysfunction, thus accelerating the course of MTB infection. During the process, the high immunogenicity of ESAT-6 can be leveraged as a dominant antigen in the development of new TB vaccines, making it a promising candidate with broad prospects for further development.
