Preparation of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> EsxV lipid nanoparticles subunit vaccine and its immunological characteristics.

Lu Bai; Yanzhi LU; Huanhuan Ning; Yali Kang; Yanling Xie; Jian Kang; Xue LI; Ruonan Cui; Yin Wei; Yueqin Liu; Yinlan Bai

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Preparation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis EsxV lipid nanoparticles subunit vaccine and its immunological characteristics.

Author: Lu BAI ¹ ; Yanzhi LU ¹ ; Huanhuan NING ¹ ; Yali KANG ¹ ; Yanling XIE ¹ ; Jian KANG ¹ ; Xue LI ¹ ; Ruonan CUI ¹ ; Yin WEI ¹ ; Yueqin LIU ² ; Yinlan BAI ¹
Author Information

1. Department of Microbiology and Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China.
2. School of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi, China.
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: EsxV; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; cyclic dimeric adenosine monophosphate; liposome nanoparticles; subunit vaccine
MeSH: Animals; Mice; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Antigens, Bacterial; Immunization; Nanoparticles; Vaccines, Subunit; Mice, Inbred BALB C
From: Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2023;39(10):4085-4097
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: To prepare a lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-based subunit vaccine of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigen EsxV and study its immunological characteristics, the LNP containing EsxV and c-di-AMP (EsxV: C: L) was prepared by thin film dispersion method, and its encapsulation rate, LNP morphology, particle size, surface charge and polyphase dispersion index were measured. BALB/c mice were immunized with EsxV: C: L by nasal drops. The levels of serum and mucosal antibodies, transcription and secretion of cytokines in lung and spleen, and the proportion of T cell subsets were detected after immunization. EsxV: C: L LNPs were obtained with uniform size and they were spherical and negatively charged. Compared with EsxV: C immunization, EsxV: C: L mucosal inoculation induced increased sIgA level in respiratory tract mucosa. Levels of IL-2 secreted from spleen and ratios of memory T cells and tissue-resident T cells in mice were also elevated. In conclusion, EsxV: C: L could induce stronger mucosal immunity and memory T cell immune responses, which may provide better protection against Mtb infection.