Association between Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Arterial Stiffness: The China-PAR Project.

Shuai LIU; Fang Chao LIU; Jian Xin LI; Ke Yong HUANG; Xue Li YANG; Ji Chun CHEN; Jie CAO; Shu Feng CHEN; Jian Feng HUANG; Chong SHEN; Xiang Feng LU; Dong Feng GU

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Association between Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Arterial Stiffness: The China-PAR Project.

Author: Shuai LIU ^{1
,

2} ; Fang Chao LIU ² ; Jian Xin LI ² ; Ke Yong HUANG ² ; Xue Li YANG ^{3
,

4} ; Ji Chun CHEN ² ; Jie CAO ² ; Shu Feng CHEN ² ; Jian Feng HUANG ² ; Chong SHEN ^{1
,

5} ; Xiang Feng LU ^{5
,

6} ; Dong Feng GU ^{1
,

6
,

7}
Author Information

1. Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
2. Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China.
3. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health
4. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
5. Research Units of Cohort Study on Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancers, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
6. Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
7. School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China.
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Arterial stiffness; Cardiovascular disease; Fruit; Vegetable
MeSH: Humans; Vascular Stiffness; Fruit; Vegetables; Atherosclerosis; China
From: Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2023;36(12):1113-1122
CountryChina
Language:English
Abstract: OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to investigate the association between fruit and vegetable intake and arterial stiffness.
METHODS:We conducted a cohort-based study comprising 6,628 participants with arterial stiffness information in the Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China (China-PAR) project. A semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire was used to assess baseline (2007-2008) and recent (2018-2021) fruit and vegetable intake. We assessed changes in fruit and vegetable intake from 2007-2008 to 2018-2021 in 6,481 participants. Arterial stiffness was measured using the arterial velocity-pulse index (AVI) and arterial pressure-volume index (API). Elevated AVI and API values were defined according to diverse age reference ranges.
RESULTS:Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models revealed that every 100 g/d increment in fruit and vegetable intake was associated with a 0.11 decrease in AVI ( B= -0.11; 95% confidence interval [ CI]: -0.20, -0.02) on average, rather than API ( B = 0.02; 95% CI: -0.09, 0.13). The risk of elevated AVI (odds ratio [ OR] = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.97) is 18% lower in individuals with high intake (≥ 500 g/d) than in those with low intake (< 500 g/d). Furthermore, maintaining a high intake in the past median of 11.5 years of follow-up was associated with an even lower risk of elevated AVI compared with a low intake at both baseline and follow-up ( OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.83).
CONCLUSION:Fruit and vegetable intake was negatively associated with arterial stiffness, emphasizing recommendations for adherence to fruit and vegetable intake for the prevention of arterial stiffness.