Tumor immune microenvironment-modulated nanostrategy for the treatment of lung cancer metastasis.
10.1097/CM9.0000000000002525
- Author:
Lingling ZHU
1
;
Juan WU
2
;
Honglin GAO
3
;
Ting WANG
1
;
Guixiu XIAO
1
;
Chenggong HU
4
;
Qing LIN
3
;
Qinghua ZHOU
1
Author Information
1. Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
2. Out-patient Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
3. Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
4. Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- MeSH:
Humans;
Lung Neoplasms/therapy*;
Tumor Microenvironment;
Neoplasms/drug therapy*;
Immunotherapy/methods*
- From:
Chinese Medical Journal
2023;136(23):2787-2801
- CountryChina
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
As one of the most malignant tumors worldwide, lung cancer, fueled by metastasis, has shown rising mortality rates. However, effective clinical strategies aimed at preventing metastasis are lacking owing to its dynamic multi-step, complicated, and progressive nature. Immunotherapy has shown promise in treating cancer metastasis by reversing the immunosuppressive network of the tumor microenvironment. However, drug resistance inevitably develops due to inadequate delivery of immunostimulants and an uncontrolled immune response. Consequently, adverse effects occur, such as autoimmunity, from the non-specific immune activation and non-specific inflammation in off-target organs. Nanocarriers that improve drug solubility, permeability, stability, bioavailability, as well as sustained, controlled, and targeted delivery can effectively overcome drug resistance and enhance the therapeutic effect while reducing adverse effects. In particular, nanomedicine-based immunotherapy can be utilized to target tumor metastasis, presenting a promising therapeutic strategy for lung cancer. Nanotechnology strategies that boost the immunotherapy effect are classified based on the metastatic cascade related to the tumor immune microenvironment; the breaking away of primary tumors, circulating tumor cell dissemination, and premetastatic niche formation cause distant secondary site colonization. In this review, we focus on the opportunities and challenges of integrating immunotherapy with nanoparticle formulation to establish nanotechnology-based immunotherapy by modulating the tumor microenvironment for preclinical and clinical applications in the management of patients with metastatic lung cancer. We also discuss prospects for the emerging field and the clinical translation potential of these techniques.
