Organoids: approaches and utility in cancer research.
10.1097/CM9.0000000000002477
- Author:
Bingrui ZHOU
1
;
Zhiwei FENG
1
;
Jun XU
2
;
Jun XIE
1
Author Information
1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China.
2. Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplant Center, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China.
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- MeSH:
Humans;
Neoplasms/genetics*;
Organoids/pathology*;
Carcinogenesis;
Models, Biological;
Precision Medicine/methods*;
Tumor Microenvironment
- From:
Chinese Medical Journal
2023;136(15):1783-1793
- CountryChina
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Organoids are three-dimensional cellular structures with self-organizing and self-differentiation capacities. They faithfully recapitulate structures and functions of in vivo organs as represented by functionality and microstructural definitions. Heterogeneity in in vitro disease modeling is one of the main reasons for anti-cancer therapy failures. Establishing a powerful model to represent tumor heterogeneity is crucial for elucidating tumor biology and developing effective therapeutic strategies. Tumor organoids can retain the original tumor heterogeneity and are commonly used to mimic the cancer microenvironment when co-cultured with fibroblasts and immune cells; therefore, considerable effort has been made recently to promote the use of this new technology from basic research to clinical studies in tumors. In combination with gene editing technology and microfluidic chip systems, engineered tumor organoids show promising abilities to recapitulate tumorigenesis and metastasis. In many studies, the responses of tumor organoids to various drugs have shown a positive correlation with patient responses. Owing to these consistent responses and personalized characteristics with patient data, tumor organoids show excellent potential for preclinical research. Here, we summarize the properties of different tumor models and review their current state and progress in tumor organoids. We further discuss the substantial challenges and prospects in the rapidly developing tumor organoid field.
