Association between low ambient temperature during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
10.1097/CM9.0000000000002361
- Author:
Tiechao RUAN
1
;
Yan YUE
2
;
Wenting LU
3
;
Ruixi ZHOU
1
;
Tao XIONG
1
;
Yin JIANG
1
;
Junjie YING
1
;
Jun TANG
1
;
Jing SHI
1
;
Hua WANG
1
;
Guoguang XIAO
1
;
Jinhui LI
2
;
Yi QU
1
;
Dezhi MU
1
Author Information
1. Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
2. Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
3. Department of General Practice, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- MeSH:
Pregnancy;
Infant, Newborn;
Female;
Humans;
Pregnancy Outcome;
Premature Birth/epidemiology*;
Stillbirth/epidemiology*;
Temperature;
Pregnancy Complications
- From:
Chinese Medical Journal
2023;136(19):2307-2315
- CountryChina
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Extreme temperature events, including extreme cold, are becoming more frequent worldwide, which might be harmful to pregnant women and cause adverse birth outcomes. We aimed to investigate the association between exposure to low ambient temperature in pregnant women and adverse birth outcomes, such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth, and to summarize the evidence herein.
METHODS:Relevant studies were searched in PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase electronic databases until November 2021. Studies involving low ambient temperature, preterm birth, birth weight, and stillbirth were included. The guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses were followed to conduct this study risk of bias and methods for data synthesis.
RESULTS:A total of 34 studies were included. First, pregnant women exposed to low ambient temperature had an increased risk of preterm birth (risk ratio [RR] 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.13). Subgroup analyses revealed that exposure during late pregnancy was more likely to induce preterm birth. In addition, only pregnant women exposed to <1st percentile of the mean temperature suffered increased risk of preterm birth. Moreover, pregnant women living in medium or hot areas were more prone to have preterm births than those in cold areas when exposed to low ambient temperatures. Asians and Blacks were more susceptible to low ambient temperatures than Caucasians. Second, pregnant women exposed to low ambient temperature had an increased risk of low birth weight (RR 1.07; 95% CI 1.03-1.12). Third, pregnant women had an increased risk of stillbirth while exposed to low ambient temperature during the entire pregnancy (RR 4.63; 95% CI 3.99-5.38).
CONCLUSIONS:Exposure to low ambient temperature during pregnancy increases the risk of adverse birth outcomes. Pregnant women should avoid exposure to extremely low ambient temperature (<1st percentile of the mean temperature), especially in their late pregnancy. This study could provide clues for preventing adverse outcomes from meteorological factors.
REGISTRATION:No. CRD42021259776 at PROSPERO ( https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ ).
