Validity, Reliability and Responsiveness of the Malay Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (M-SPADI) for Patients with Shoulder Pain
https://doi.org/10.5704/MOJ.2303.019
- Author:
Abdul-Karim S
1
,
2
;
Abdul-Hamid MS
1
;
Ho CA
1
;
Ling JCY
3
Author Information
1. Department of Sports Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia&
2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
3. Department of Sports Medicine, Tengku Ampuan Rahimah Hospital, Klang, Malaysia
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
measurement properties, SPADI, reliability, responsiveness, validity
- From:Malaysian Orthopaedic Journal
2023;17(No.1):160-171
- CountryMalaysia
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Introduction: The purpose of this study is to determine the
validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the Malay
Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (M-SPADI) in Malay
speakers suffering from shoulder pain.
Materials and methods: The M-SPADI, the Numerical
Rating Scale (NRS), and measurements of shoulder active
range of motion (AROM) were completed by 140 patients
with shoulder pain (68 with rotator cuff pathology and 72
with other shoulder pathology). Thirty-four patients were
retested for test-retest reliability with M-SPADI after an
average of 9.2 days. M-SPADI was performed on twenty-one
individuals three months after completing treatment for
rotator cuff disorders to assess response.
Results: The results of exploratory factor analysis revealed a
bidimensional structure for M-SPADI. M-SPADI disability
score was significantly greater in patients with rotator cuff
pathologies (median = 31.87, IQR 82.50) than in patients
with other shoulder pathologies (median = 20.00, IQR
23.84). In multi-group factor analysis, measurement
invariance revealed no significant difference between the
two groups (p>0.05). There was a significant positive
correlation between M-SPADI and NRS (Pain = 0.86,
Disability = 0.75, Total = 0.82, p=0.005), and a significant
negative correlation between M-SPADI and shoulder AROM
(Pain = -0.34 to -0.67, Disability =-0.44 to -0.73, Total =-
0.43 to -0.72, p=0.005). M-SPADI had a high degree of
internal consistency (Cronbach's 0.92 for pain and 0.95 for
disability). Test-retest reliability was moderate to excellent
(ICC Pain = 0.84, ICC Disability = 0.78, ICC Total = 0.81,
p=0.001), and the smallest detectable change ranges (Pain =
8.74, Disability = 3.21, Total = 3.83) were less than the
minimal detectable change ranges (Pain = 21.57, Disability
= 6.82, Total = 8.79). The area under the receiver operating
characteristic curve (AUC) for M-SPADI was greater than
0.90 (Pain = 0.99, Disability = 0.94, Total = 0.96).
Conclusion: The M-SPADI has established construct
validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and
responsiveness. The M-SPADI is a reliable and valid
instrument for evaluating shoulder pain among Malayspeaking individuals. In addition, the M-SPADI disability
subscale may be useful for monitoring functional score
changes in patients with rotator cuff pathology.
- Full text:16.2023my1306.pdf
