SARS-CoV-2 vulnerability and COVID-19 severity association with ABO blood group
10.13303/j.cjbt.issn.1004-549x.2022.01.033
- VernacularTitle:ABO血型和SARS-CoV-2易感性及COVID-19病情严重程度进展
- Author:
Shikun ZHANG
1
;
Hailong ZHUO
2
;
Yingxia TAN
1
;
Feng GONG
1
Author Information
1. Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
2. Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2;
COVID-19;
ABO blood group;
blood group antibody;
susceptibility
- From:
Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion
2022;35(1):114-118
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Studies have shown that ABO blood group is related to the susceptibility and disease progression of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and most studies indicated that group O individuals were less likely to get infected while group A conferred a higher susceptibility to infection and propensity to severe disease. ABO blood group antigens are oligosaccharides expressed on red cells and other tissues. People with different ABO blood type have different susceptibility to a variety of pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2. There are several hypotheses to explain the differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection between ABO blood group individuals. Firstly, anti-A and/or anti-B antibodies could bind to corresponding antigens on the viral envelope and contribute to viral neutralization, thereby preventing target cell from being infected. The SARS-CoV-2 virus and SARS-CoV spike (S) proteins may be bound by anti-A isoagglutinin, which may block interactions between virus and angiotensin-converting-enzyme-2-receptor, thereby preventing entering into lung epithelial cells. Secondly, the receptor binding domain (RBD) of S protein domain can bind to antigen A expressed in respiratory epithelium and promote its infection to respiratory epithelial cells. In conclusion, most studies indicated that group O may be associated with a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection while group A with a higher risk along with severe disease, and the related mechanism needs to be further studied.
