Change in Severity and Clinical Manifestation of MIS-C Over SARSCoV-2 Variant Outbreaks in Korea
10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e225
- Author:
Young June CHOE
1
;
Eun Hwa CHOI
;
Jong Woon CHOI
;
Byung Wook EUN
;
Lucy Youngmin EUN
;
Yae-Jean KIM
;
Yeo Hyang KIM
;
Young A KIM
;
Yun-Kyung KIM
;
Ji Hee KWAK
;
Hyukmin LEE
;
June Dong PARK
;
Yeon Haw JUNG
;
Jin GWACK
;
Sangwon LEE
;
Author Information
1. Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Publication Type:Original Article
- From:Journal of Korean Medical Science
2023;38(30):e225-
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Background:There is difference in the incidence of multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in patients with different variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, however, little is known about the epidemiology in Asian countries. We investigated and compared the epidemiology of the MIS-C during omicron-dominant period with that of previous periods in South Korea.
Methods:We obtained clinical, epidemiological and laboratory data on MIS-C cases from national MIS-C surveillance in South Korea. We defined pre-delta period as January 2020–May 2021; delta period as June 2021–December 2021; and omicron period as January 2022–April 2022. We describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of MIS-C patients by period.
Results:A total of 91 cases were assessed to be MIS-C cases. Number of MIS-C cases have increased from six cases during pre-delta period to 66 cases during omicron period, while the incidence rate (the number of MIS-C cases per 100,000 cases of reported coronavirus disease 2019) has decreased from 38.5 cases per 100,000 (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.1–83.9) during pre-delta period to 1.6 cases per 100,000 (95% CI, 1.2–2.0) during omicron periods. During pre-delta period, 66.7% and 100% had hypotension and gastrointestinal involvement, respectively; while during omicron period, 12.1% and 6.1% had such clinical manifestations. Fifty percent of pre-delta MIS-C patients were taken intensive care unit (ICU) cares, while 10.6% of patients during omicron periods were in ICUs.
Conclusion:Omicron period were associated with less severe clinical manifestation compared to pre-delta and delta periods. Although incidence rate of MIS-C was lower for the omicron period than pre-delta and delta periods, number of patients reported with MIS-C may pose a substantial clinical burden.
