The introduction of a new, fully automated system into the clinical microbiology laboratory contributes to a rapid identification of microorganisms with accurate and reliable results, but such a system requires a high cost and additional tests for identification of some species. For instance, additional tests on oxidase, indole, motility, hemolysis, and pigmentation are needed in the correct identification by using Vitek GNI+ system (bioMerieux Vitek Inc., MO, USA). In particular, Vibrio and Aeromonas species are occasionally identified incorrectly when an automated system is used, and thus conventional biochemical tests may be more reliable in the identification of such species. We experienced three cases of incorrect identification of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio cholerae, and Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria as Vibrio alginolyticus by using Vitek GNI+ card.
Aeromonas ; Hemolysis ; Oxidoreductases ; Pigmentation ; Vibrio alginolyticus* ; Vibrio cholerae ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus ; Vibrio*

OBJECTIVES: Pathogenic Vibrio species are widely distributed in warm estuarine and coastal environments, and can infect humans through the consumption of raw or mishandled contaminated seafood and seawater. For this reason, the distribution of these bacteria in South Korea was investigated.METHODS: Seawater samples were collected from 145 coastal area points in the aquatic environment in which Vibrio species live. Environmental data (i.e., water temperature, salinity, turbidity, and atmospheric temperature) was collected which may help predict the distribution of the species (data not shown). Seawater samples were filtered, and incubated overnight in alkaline peptone water, at 37°C. Using species-specific polymerase chain reaction methods, screening tests were performed for the hlyA, ctxA, vvhA, and tlh genes. Clones of pathogenic Vibrio species were isolated using 3 selective plating media.RESULTS: In 2017, total seawater isolation rates for Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio cholerae (non-pathogenic, non-O1, non-O139 serogroups), and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were 15.82%, 13.18%, 65.80%, respectively. However, in 2018 isolation rates for each were 21.81%, 19.40%, and 70.05%, respectively.CONCLUSION: The isolation rates of pathogenic Vibrio species positively correlated with the temperature of seawater and atmosphere, but negatively correlated with salinity and turbidity. From 2017 to 2018, the most frequent seawater-isolated Vibrio species were V. parahaemolyticus (68.10 %), V. vulnificus (16.54%), and non-toxigenic V. cholerae (19.58%). Comprehensive monitoring, prevention, and control efforts are needed to protect the public from pathogenic Vibrio species.
Atmosphere ; Bacteria ; Cholera ; Clone Cells ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Peptones ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Salinity ; Seafood ; Seawater ; Vibrio cholerae ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus ; Vibrio vulnificus ; Vibrio ; Water

V.parahaemolyticus or V.alginolyticus infections are usually associated with consumption of raw or undercooked shellfish, contaminated food, and exposure of wounds to warm seawater. V.parahaemolyticus causes gastroenteritis(the most common syndrome), wound infections, and septicemia. V alginolyticus occasionally causes extraintestinal infections in humans. so far, the authors have not found the report of V.parahaemolyticus and V.alginolyticus isolation from a patient. So, we report a case of concurrent isolation of V.parahaemolyticus and V.alginolyticus from a patient who had a history of intestinal diarrhea and vomiting.
Diarrhea ; Humans ; Seawater ; Sepsis ; Shellfish ; Vibrio alginolyticus* ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus* ; Vibrio* ; Vomiting ; Wound Infection ; Wounds and Injuries

V.parahaemolyticus or V.alginolyticus infections are usually associated with consumption of raw or undercooked shellfish, contaminated food, and exposure of wounds to warm seawater. V.parahaemolyticus causes gastroenteritis(the most common syndrome), wound infections, and septicemia. V alginolyticus occasionally causes extraintestinal infections in humans. so far, the authors have not found the report of V.parahaemolyticus and V.alginolyticus isolation from a patient. So, we report a case of concurrent isolation of V.parahaemolyticus and V.alginolyticus from a patient who had a history of intestinal diarrhea and vomiting.
Diarrhea ; Humans ; Seawater ; Sepsis ; Shellfish ; Vibrio alginolyticus* ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus* ; Vibrio* ; Vomiting ; Wound Infection ; Wounds and Injuries

OBJECTIVETo investigate the serologic type, phage-biotype and toxic factor of Vibrio cholerae isolated from different sea products, analyze the relation between the Vibrio cholerae in sea products and cholera epidemiology, and provide references for forecasting cholera epidemic situation and drawing out a preventing plan.

METHODThe biotype of strains isolated was analyzed by using type and phage-biotype serological methods. The toxic gene was detected by PCR.

RESULTSThe constituent ratio of V. cholerae O139, Ogawa and Inaba were, respectively, 48.44%, 20.31% and 31.25% in 64 strains of V. cholerae. The result of phage-biotype showed that the 26 strains of V. cholerae O1 were all non-epidemic strains. The result of toxic gene detecting showed that positive rate of V. cholerae O139 was higher than those of Ogawa and Inaba.

CONCLUSIONThe positive rate of toxic gene in V. cholerae O139 was high and the V. cholerae O139 was mainly in turtle, breed aquatics water and crustacean, so these sea products were the important sectors in cholera prevention and control.

Animals ; Bacteriophage Typing ; DNA, Bacterial ; genetics ; Seafood ; microbiology ; Serotyping ; Vibrio cholerae ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Vibrio cholerae O1 ; isolation & purification ; Vibrio cholerae O139 ; isolation & purification

Acute gastroenteritis caused by more than one Vibrio species has been rarely reported although most pathogenic Vibrio species share the same natural habitats. Recognition of multiple Vibrio species in one or more infectious processes is crucial in the management of patients because invasiveness, virulence, and resistance to antimicrobials can vary from species to species. We report a case of acute gastroenteritis by Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus. The patient was a previously healthy 47-year old man who presented with watery mucoid diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting. On the previous day, he had eaten raw fish and developed the above symptoms about 10 hours later. The patient received only supportive therapy and was discharged on the same day with improvement. V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus were isolated from stool specimen. The patient was fully recovered and subsequent stool culture demonstrated no pathogenic microorganisms.
Colic ; Diarrhea ; Ecosystem ; Gastroenteritis* ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus* ; Vibrio vulnificus* ; Vibrio* ; Virulence ; Vomiting

This study was focused on the isolation of pathogenic Vibrio species, V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus from marine environment from May to July of 1999. Isolation sites were coast near by Pusan and Daechon. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Seventy strains of V. parahaemolyticus and 19 strains of V. vulnificus were isolated from a total of 120 specimens. 2. Nineteen strains of V. vulnificus did not fermented arabinose and salicin but fermented lactose and cellobiose. All of V. parahaemolyticus isolates did not fermented lactose and cellobiose. 47 strains of V. parahaemolyticus fermented arabinose but 53 strains did not fermented salicin. 3. V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus isolates showed three different API index numbers with 5046105 and 4346107 dominant. 4. V. vulnificus did not grow on 0% and 8% NaCl containing medium. V. parahaemolyticus grew on 8% NaCl containing medium. 5. V. vulnificus isolates and V. parahaemolyticus revealed different outer membrane protein p rofiles on SDS-PAGE.
Arabinose ; Busan* ; Cellobiose ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Lactose ; Membrane Proteins ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus* ; Vibrio vulnificus* ; Vibrio*

No Abstract Available.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus* ; Vibrio*

No Abstract Available.
Genome* ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus* ; Vibrio*

No Abstract Available.
Genome* ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus* ; Vibrio*