It is well known that spinal instability should be evaluated in the standing lateral position. Standing dynamic flexion and extension radiographs are usually used to assess spinal instability. Here, we report a patient who experienced distraction instability while in the supine position rather than the standard standing position. To our knowledge, this is the first report of lying-down instability undetected on standing dynamic flexion and extension radiographs. We discuss the pathophysiological mechanism of this uncommon but possible entity and provide a review of the literature.
Deception* ; Humans ; Supine Position

Various techniques were evaluated to determine the best method for reducing small bowel involvement in pelvic irradiation. Fourteen patients receiving radiation in pelvic area were enrolled for this study. Five sets of small bowel images were obtained. Patients were positioned on a simulation couch with full bladder in prone and supine positions and 2 sets of images were taken. Then they were asked to empty their bladder and 2 sets of images were taken in prone and supine positions. A belly board device (BBD) was placed and one set of images was obtained. Using a software, the area of small bowel inside treatment field was contoured, measured, and analyzed. In both full and empty bladder cases, small bowel area reduction was observed in prone position as compared to supine position. Especially statistically significant reduction is noted in lateral film. An average decreases of 13% in PA and 26% in lateral direction were noted with bladder distention as compared to empty bladder. With the use of BBD for empty bladder, a significant reduction of 62.8+/-27.1% and 63.1+/-32.9% in PA and lateral directions were observed as compared to without BBD in prone position, respectively. In conclusion, the best sparing of small bowel concerning the area included in the treatment fields was achieved with BBD in prone position with empty bladder. However, further reduction is expected if the bladder was filled fully because the analysed data with empty vs full bladder study shows increased sparing of small bowel with distended bladder.
Humans ; Prone Position ; Supine Position ; Urinary Bladder

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the morphologic findings of the labrum and capsuloligamentous structures in the normal and unstable shoulders and to compare the effectiveness of double contrast arthrographic findings which were taken with supine and prone position. We reviewed the computerized tomographic arthrogram in 9 cases of normal shoulder and l3 cases of shoulder instability. We evaluated the shape of the labrum, the attachment of anterior capsule and the amount of capsular laxity. Capsular laxity was compared each others in normal, the unidirectional instability and the multidirectional instability. Among these materials, we simultaneously performed CT arthrogram with supine and prone position and evaluated which is more reliable and accurate. Scapular inclination was ahout 25 degrees in the supine position and ahout 60 degrees in the prone position. Normal glenoid labrum varied in size and shape, so its lack of a classic appearance might not indicate a labral tear. Variations existed in the anterior capsular attachment onto the glenoid. The anterior capsule was used to attach far away from the glenoid rim. but it might not indicate an anterior instability. With the prone position, the labral lesion took more excellent visualization due to the contrast coating on the glenoid labrum in both anterior and posterior. Anterior capsular expansion was seen well with prone position in anterior instability. In summary, for proper interpretation of the instability, awareness of the morphologic variations of the labrum and capsuloligamentous structure is important. CT double contrast arthrography with prone position has made a significant contribution to improving and easing the documentation of variety of anatomic abnormalities. Now we recommend the prone position in CT arthrogram for imaging glenoid labrum pathology in shoulder instability.
Arthrography ; Pathology ; Prone Position ; Shoulder* ; Supine Position

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the changes in the patterns of power spectra of R-R interval variability of diabetic patients who are subject to autonomic neuropathy. Methods: The changes in power spectra of eight diabetic patients were compared with those of eight normal persons while changing positions from supine to Trendelenburg and from supine to standing each. Results: Low, high and total frequency power densities of diabetic patient group were significantly lower than those of control group in resting supine position. Low frequency power density and ratio of low frequency power to high frequency power of control group increased significantly while changing position from supine to standing compared with those of diabetic patient group. And low frequency power density of control group decreased significantly compared with that of diabetic patient group while changing position from supine to Trendelenburg. Conclusions: The decrease in power densities of low, high and total frequency suggest depressed overall autonomic activities in diabetic patient group and significantly decreased changes in low frequency power and ratio of low frequency power to high frequency power while changing positions from supine to standing suggest attenuated sympathetic activity in diabetic patient group, reflecting autonomic changes in diabetic group rapidly.
Diabetic Neuropathies* ; Humans ; Supine Position

PURPOSE: To evaluate the change in hyperdeviation according to position change in patients with vertical strabismus. METHODS: The authors measured the hyperdeviation in 32 patients with vertical strabismus at 6 m, 2 m, and 33 cm in the seated position and at 2 m and 33 cm in the supine position using the alternate prism cover test. RESULTS: The mean amount of hyperdeviation in the seated position was 6.31+/-6.27 PD at 6 m, 6.31+/-6.27 PD at 2 m, and 3.69+/-6.65 PD at 33 cm. The mean hyperdeviation in the supine position was 6.09+/-6.37 PD at 2 m and 3.55+/-6.36 PD at 33 cm. There was no significant difference in hyperdeviation according to the change of position at the same measuring distance. No significant difference between the hyperdeviation at 6 m in the seated position and 2 m in the supine position was found (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The hyperdeviation at 6 m and 33 cm in the seated position can be replaced by hyperdeviation at 2 m and 33 cm in the supine position during adjustable suture surgery for vertical strabismus.
Humans ; Strabismus ; Supine Position ; Sutures

PURPOSE: To compare electroretinogram (ERG) waveforms acquired using a ganzfeld stimulator and a Fresnel ganzfeld stimulator. METHODS: ERGs were recorded with a ganzfeld stimulator and a Fresnel ganzfeld stimulator from both eyes of 25 volunteers. Peak-to-trough amplitudes and peak implicit times were compared between both eyes and between a ganzfeld stimulator and a Fresnel ganzfeld stimulator. ERGs taken from the sitting and supine positions were also compared using the Fresnel ganzfeld stimulator. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the Fresnel ganzfeld stimulator and dome-shaped ganzfeld stimulator in amplitude and implicit time of dark adapted 0.01, 3.0 ERG, photopic 3.0 ERG, photopic 3.0 flicker. The differences in amplitude and implicit time between the right and left eyes were not influenced by the Fresnel ganzfeld stimulator. Additionally, no differences were observed in ERGs obtained from the sitting and supine positions using the Fresnel ganzfeld stimulator. CONCLUSIONS: The newly developed ganzfeld stimulator with a sealed Fresnel lens can be considered as a reliable alternative method for measuring ERGs. Fresnel ganzfeld stimulator is useful for patients having problems with mobility or uncooperative children.
Child ; Humans ; Supine Position ; Volunteers

No abstract available.
Humans ; Supine Position* ; Tongue* ; Tracheostomy*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Supine Position* ; Tongue* ; Tracheostomy*

No abstract available.
Arthroscopy* ; Hip* ; Humans ; Supine Position*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of a newly devised portable cystometer to measure the pressure of bladder in a low cost and easier accessability. METHOD: This study was performed in 47 patients with a conventional instrumental cystometer (Jupiter 8000, Wiest) and the newly devised portable cystometer. In the supine position, we measured the maximal intravesical pressure, abdominal pressure and bladder volume with the portable cystometer just after the measurement of the maximal detrusor pressure and bladder volume with the conventional instrumental cystometer. Paired t-test was utilized to analyze and compare the result. RESULTS: 1) There was no significant difference in the average maximal detrusor pressures measured by maximal intravesical pressures minus abdominal pressures, which were 38.32 20.97 cmH2O by the conventional instrumental cystometer and 40.02 20.70 cmH2O by the portable cystometer (p>0.05). 2) There was no significant difference in the average bladder volumes at maximal detrusor pressure, which were 302.13 83.92 cc by the conventional instrumental cystometer and 314.04 94.17 cc by the portable cystometer (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: We conclude that there is no significant difference between the conventional instrumental cystometer and the portable cystometer in the measurement of detrusor pressure and bladder volume. We believe this portable cystometer would be a useful tool to evaluate the function of bladder in a low cost and easier accessability.
Humans ; Supine Position ; Urinary Bladder