Authors retrospectively analyzed 22 cases of inferior oblique overaction, which were treated by means of infetior tlblique recession from May 1983 to June 1985. We compared preoperative and postoperative hyperdeviation in the primary position and adduction, and calculated the amount of corrected hyperdeviations in the prirrtary position and adduction pet millimeter of inferior oblique recession. The results were as follows: 1. The overall success rate was 84.4 % in primary inferior oblique overaction. 2. The amounts of correction in the primary position per millimeter of inferior oblique recession were 0.69 prism diopter. 3. The amounts of correction in adduction per millimeter of inferior oblique recession were 1.94 prism diopter. 4. Decrement amounts in adduction compared to in the primary position were 1.59 prism diopter per millimeter of inferior oblique recession.
Retrospective Studies

Although most available IOL power calculation formulas perform accurately for eyes of average axial length, they have been shown to be inaccurate for eyes that have unusually short and long axial length. To compare the prediction accuracy of new Hoffer Q with SRK-II formula, we reviewed, retrospectively, a series of 225 ECCE with PCL implantation cases, including 106 Hoffer Q group and 119 SRK-II group, each of which was further divided into subgroups based on axial length. The Hoffer Q formula overestimated the refraction and resulted in more myopic shift and was less accurate than SRK-II in all length eyes, except short length eyes. In short length eyes, both formulas had similar mean error and mean absolute error but Hoffer Q formula was more accurate than the SRK-II in +/- 0.5D prediction proportion.
Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Retrospective Studies*

No abstract available.
Retrospective Studies*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although both radial- and convex-arrayed endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) scopes are widely used for observational EUS examinations, there have been few comparative studies on their power of visualization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capability of these EUS scopes for observation of the pancreatobiliary junction. METHODS: The rate of successful visualization of the pancreatobiliary junction was retrospectively compared between a radial-arrayed and a convex-arrayed echoendoscope, from a prospectively maintained database. Study periods were defined as January 2010 to December 2012 for the radial group, and February 2015 to October 2016 for the convex group because the respective scope was mainly used during those periods. RESULTS: During the study period, 1,660 cases with radial EUS and 1,984 cases with convex EUS were recruited. The success rates of observation of the pancreatobiliary junction were 80.0% and 89.5%, respectively (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The capability of visualization of the pancreatobiliary junction in observational EUS was found to be better with a convex-arrayed than with a radial-arrayed echoendoscope.
Endosonography ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Meconium* ; Retrospective Studies*

OBJECTIVE: Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) is considered to have the best theoretical potential in promoting bony fusion of unstable vertebral segments by way of a load sharing effect of the anterior column. This study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of PLIF with cages in chronic degenerative disc disease with Modic degeneration (changes of vertebral end plate). METHODS: A total of 597 patients underwent a PLIF with threaded fusion cages (TFC) from 1993 to 2000. Three-hundred-fifty-one patients, who could be followed for more than 3 years, were enrolled in this study. Patients were grouped into 4 categories according to Modic classification (no degeneration : 259, type 1 : 26, type 2 : 55, type 3 : 11). Clinical and radiographic data were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: The clinical success rate according to the Prolo's functional and economic outcome scale was 86% in patients without degeneration and 83% in patients with Modic degeneration. The clinical outcomes in each group were 88% in type 1, 84% in type 2, and 73% in type 3. The bony fusion rate was 97% in patients without degeneration and 83% in patients with Modic degeneration. The bony fusion rate in each group was 81% in type 1, 84% in type 2, and 55% in type 3. The clinical success and fusion rates were significantly lower in patients with type 3 degeneration. CONCLUSION: The PLIF with TFC has been found to be an effective procedure for lumbar spine fusion. But, the clinical outcome and bony fusion rates were significantly low in the patients with Modic type 3. The authors suggest that PLIF combined with pedicle screw fixation would be the better for them.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine

PURPOSE: We retrospectively reviewed the cases of ureteroscopic stone removal at our hospital and defined the efficacy, safety and the skilled experience of the surgeon. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ureteroscopic stone removal was done in 510 cases. Sixty eight stones were located in the upper ureter, 114 stones in the mid ureter, and 328 stones in the lower ureter. The stone size was less than 5mm in 210 cases, from 5 to 10mm in 241 cases and more than 10mm in 59 cases. The objective cases were categorized into three groups according to the experience of the surgeon, and then compared to each group. RESULTS: The overall success rate was 94.5%. The success rates of upper, mid and lower ureteral stones were 86.7, 90, and 96.9%. The success rate was 95.7% in stones less than 5mm, 94.1% in 5 to 10mm and 91.5% in more than 10mm. The operation results were improved and stabilized after 50 cases. There were 48 cases (9.4%) of complications which were treated successfully with conservative treatment except for 2 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that the ureteroscopic stone removal technique of the surgeon is improving by accumulating operation experience, and stabilized skillful technique will be achieved after experience of more than 50 cases.
Retrospective Studies ; Ureter ; Ureteroscopy

No abstract available.
Peptic Ulcer* ; Retrospective Studies*

OBJECTIVES: The multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) is commonly used as a valid objective measure of sleepiness. The procedure of MSLT is well standardized but the sleep onset criterion is somewhat variable. One epoch of stage 1 sleep is the most commonly used criterion, and the criterion of three epochs of stage 1 sleep is also used. The purpose of this study was to compare the two criteria used to determine sleep onset. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 60 consecutive MSLT that were performed according to a standaridized protocol. We scored each test using the two different criteria for sleep onset and then statistically analyed the results. RESULTS: Using the different criteria, 20 patients among 60 showed changes in mean sleep latency (33.3%). The extent of change ranged from 1.3% to 38.5% (mean 15.9%). Non-narcoleptic patients showed a significantly higher incidence of change than other sleep disorder patients. CONCLUSION: Changes in mean sleep latency occurred according to the different criteria of sleep onset. But the difference arising from different criteria was statistically not significant in patients with moderate to severe sleepiness. Considering that 1 epoch criterion for sleep onset is more sensitive in detecting clinically significant sleepiness, the authors suggest that the 1 epoch criterion is more reliable than the 3 epochs criterion.
Humans ; Incidence ; Retrospective Studies