1.Three Cases of Partial Vesical Immobilization adjunct to Ureteroneocystostomy.
Korean Journal of Urology 1971;12(1):123-126
No abstract available.
Immobilization*
2.In Vivo Rodent Models of Skeletal Muscle Adaptation to Decreased Use.
Su Han CHO ; Jang Hoe KIM ; Wook SONG
Endocrinology and Metabolism 2016;31(1):31-37
Skeletal muscle possesses plasticity and adaptability to external and internal physiological changes. Due to these characteristics, skeletal muscle shows dramatic changes depending on its response to stimuli such as physical activity, nutritional changes, disease status, and environmental changes. Modulation of the rate of protein synthesis/degradation plays an important role in atrophic responses. The purpose of this review is to describe different features of skeletal muscle adaptation with various models of deceased use. In this review, four models were addressed: immobilization, spinal cord transection, hindlimb unloading, and aging. Immobilization is a form of decreased use in which skeletal muscle shows electrical activity, tension development, and motion. These results differ by muscle group. Spinal cord transection was selected to simulate spinal cord injury. Similar to the immobilization model, dramatic atrophy occurs in addition to fiber type conversion in this model. Despite the fact that electromyography shows unremarkable changes in muscle after hindlimb unloading, decreased muscle mass and contractile force are observed. Lastly, aging significantly decreases the numbers of muscle fibers and motor units. Skeletal muscle responses to decreased use include decreased strength, decreased fiber numbers, and fiber type transformation. These four models demonstrated different changes in the skeletal muscle. This review elucidates the different skeletal muscle adaptations in these four decreased use animal models and encourages further studies.
Aging
;
Atrophy
;
Electromyography
;
Hindlimb Suspension
;
Immobilization
;
Models, Animal
;
Motor Activity
;
Muscle, Skeletal*
;
Plastics
;
Rodentia*
;
Spinal Cord Injuries
3.Antidepressant-like Effect of Kaempferol and Quercitirin, Isolated from Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten.
Soo Hyun PARK ; Yun Beom SIM ; Pyung Lim HAN ; Jin Koo LEE ; Hong Won SUH
Experimental Neurobiology 2010;19(1):30-38
Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. is widely cultivated in Jeju Island (South Korea) for use in manufacture of health foods. This study described antidepressant effect of two flavonoids (kaempferol and quercitrin) isolated from the Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. The expression of the hypothalamic POMC mRNA or plasma beta-endorphin levels were increased by extract of Opintia ficus-indica var. saboten or its flavoniods administered orally. In addition, antidepressant activity was studied using tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test (FST) and rota-rod test in chronically restraint immobilization stress group in mice. After restraint stress (2 hrs/day for 14 days), animals were kept in cage for 14 days without any further stress, bet with drugs. Mice were fed with a diet supplemented for 14 days and during the behavioral test period with kaempferol or quercitrin (30 mg/kg/day). POMC mRNA or plasma beta-endorphin level was increased by extract of Opintia ficus-indica var. saboten and its flavoniods. In addition, immobility time in TST and FST was significantly reduced by kaempferol or quercitrin. In rota-rod test, the time of permanence was maintained to the semblance of control group in turning at 15 rpm. Our results suggest that two flavonoids (kaempferol and quercitrin) isolated from the Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. show a potent antidepressant effect.
Animals
;
beta-Endorphin
;
Diet
;
Flavonoids
;
Hindlimb Suspension
;
Immobilization
;
Kaempferols
;
Mice
;
Opuntia
;
Plasma
;
Pro-Opiomelanocortin
;
Quercetin
;
RNA, Messenger
;
Swimming
;
Food, Organic
4.Effect of Removal of Hindlimb Cast on Glycogen Metabolism of the Skeletal Muscle in Mice
Jong Chul AHN ; Suck Kang LEE ; Jong Youn KIM ; Yong Joo LEE
The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 1995;30(3):787-793
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of releasing of immobilization on glycogen metabolism of hindlimb muscle after 7days use of a hindlimb casting in mice. The experimental group was divided into control group and recovery groups after removal of left hindlimb casting. The recovery groups, were subivided into the 0, 3rd and 5th day after removal of left hindlimb casting. The results were as follows; 1. The degree of atrophy of hindlimb muscles by 7 days immobilization was measured by ratio of muscle to body weight in plantaris and soleus muscles. The muscle to body weight ratios of plantaris and soleus muscles were decreased by 88% and 74%, respectively on the day of cast removal. The ratios of the both muscles were increased to the level of the control values on the 3rd and 5th day removal of casting. 2. A significant reduction of the glycogen concentration in gastrocnemius muscle occurred after 7 days hindlimb immobilization. The glycogen concentration in gastrocnemius muscle was decreased by 63% on the day of cast removal. The glycogen concentration was recovered to the values of the control group on the 3rd and 5th day after removal of hindlimb casting. 3. The level of muscle glycogen concentration of 25% glucose ingested control group was almost twice that of the normal diet control group. The muscle glycogen concentration of glucose ingested group was significantly less by 81% after 7 days of immobilization compared with the respective control gmup. The concentration recovered to the values of control on the 3rd and 5th day after removal of hindlimb casting. In contrast, there was no significant difference in the liver glycogen concentration between the immobilized grop and the cast removed group in which was removed. 4. The effects of releasing of hindlimb immobilization on plasma glucose, insulin concentration and insulin
Animals
;
Atrophy
;
Blood Glucose
;
Body Weight
;
Diet
;
Glucose
;
Glycogen
;
Hindlimb Suspension
;
Hindlimb
;
Hypokinesia
;
Immobilization
;
Insulin
;
Liver Glycogen
;
Metabolism
;
Mice
;
Muscle, Skeletal
;
Muscles
5.Posterior Short Segment Fixation and Fusion in a Displaced Hangman's Fracture.
Jae Taek HONG ; Sang Won LEE ; Byung Chul SON ; Moon Chan KIM
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 2004;35(6):618-621
Although most cases of C2 traumatic spondylolisthesis, a so called Hangman's fracture, can be managed by a closed reduction and immobilization, surgery should be considered in the cases of non-reducible fractures or a recurrent subluxation. This report details our recent experience with the surgical treatment of a Type II Hangman's fracture after an unsuccessful closed reduction. Advantage and the technique of the posterior short segment fixation are discussed.
Immobilization
;
Spondylolisthesis
6.Weightlessness-simulated Experimental Apparatus: Hindlimb Unloading Model in Rat-Technical Aspects.
Sang Ho HWANG ; Chan Kwon JUNG
Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine 2005;15(2):52-55
No abstract available.
Animals
;
Hindlimb Suspension*
;
Hindlimb*
7.Clinical Evaluation of Direct Anterior Screw Fixation of Odontoid Fractures.
In Young KIM ; Soo Han KIM ; Jung Kil LEE ; Tae Sun KIM ; Jae Hyoo KIM ; Je Hyuk LEE ; Sam Suk KANG
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 1997;26(9):1211-1217
dontoid fractures have been treated either conservatively or by surgical fixation, and whether one method is better than the other is still controversial. Because it more effectively overcomes the problems of fracture instability and nonuinon, operative stabilization is now favored over external immobilization for the treatment of Type IIodontoid fractures. Most surgical stabilizations of such fractures use posterior cervical wiring techniques with C1-C2 arthrodesis; these, however, obliterate the rotation and flexion/extension of the atlantoaxial complex,and in Type II-P fractures, provide little resistance to further posterior subluxation. As no arthrodesis is performed, direct anterior screw fixation of odontoid fractures theoretically stabilizes the atlantoaxial complex and preserves its motion. Between January 1993 and December 1996, we performed eleven anterior screw fixations in patients who had suffered odontoid fractures(Type II, III); these were postoperatively followed up for an average of 27 months. Excepet for two cases of permissible malunion, thought to be due to fixation on a partially reduced state, all eleven cases showed firm union at the fracture site, with no significant disabilities and complications. The results indicate that in odontoid fracture reduction and eventual fracture union, the outcome of anterior screw fixation is excellent; there is, in addition, no decrease in cervical motion, a disadvantage inherent in currently accepted methods of treatment.
Arthrodesis
;
Humans
;
Immobilization
;
Prognosis
8.Transoral Fusion of the Odontoid Process Fracture.
Kang IL LEE ; Jae Oh KIM ; Ki Won SUNG ; Jong Oh LEE ; Dae Whan KIM ; Sung Gyun PARK
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 1988;17(2):375-380
The Odontoid process fracture has been treated by prolonged external immobilization of by internal fixation and fusion. We reported congential and traumatic odontoid process fracture which were successfully treated by transoral fusion. Operative preparation, technique and postoperative management are described by in detail.
Immobilization
;
Odontoid Process*
9.Surgical immobilization using judet's strut for flail cehst with multiple rib fractures.
Ja Hong KU ; Oh Woo KWON ; Chang Hoi KIM ; Yo Han KIM ; Sung Soo CHAE
The Korean Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1993;26(1):64-66
No abstract available.
Immobilization*
;
Rib Fractures*
;
Ribs*
10.Effect of the Orthopedic Immobilization on Ca, P and Blood Pressure
Han Koo LEE ; Woo Chun LEE ; Kyu Chun HWANG
The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 1983;18(5):843-849
No abstract available in English.
Blood Pressure
;
Immobilization
;
Orthopedics