No abstract available.
Hippocampus* ; Humans*

Epilepsy is a clinical syndrome caused by highly synchronized abnormal discharges of brain neurons due to various causes. Studies have shown that abnormal hippocampal neurogenesis is observed in both human epilepsy patients and animal models of epilepsy， and abnormal neurogenesis can alter normal neural circuits in the hippocampus and promote the development of hippocampal sclerosis， ultimately leading to the development and progression of epilepsy. The low-pressure hypoxic environment unique to the plateau affects hippocampal neurogenesis by regulating hypoxia-inducible factors， the Wnt signaling pathway， the Notch signaling pathway， and EPO， thereby affecting the susceptibility to epilepsy and the development and progression of epilepsy. This article reviews the mechanism of interaction between hippocampal neurogenesis and epilepsy in high-altitude hypoxic environments， in order to provide potential strategies and targets for the treatment of epilepsy.
Neurogenesis ; Hippocampus

Different doses of Hippocampus and Hippo campus - pinax ginseng were administrated orally in a 2 week course continuously did not make any change on the normal structure of seminal epithelial and testis interstitial gland of rat. There was no significant difference of seminal vesiles's average diameter in all rat' drug taken group. However this diameter was higher significantly than normal. The percentage of seminal vesicles, in which sperm reproduction was completed, was increased significantly in all drug taken groups compared to the control.
Panax ; Hippocampus ; anatomy & histology

PURPOSE: To investigate the value of image post-processing software (FreeSurfer, IBASPM [individual brain atlases using statistical parametric mapping software]) and inversion time (TI) in volumetric analyses of the hippocampus and to identify differences in comparison with manual tracing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Brain images from 12 normal adults were acquired using magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo (MPRAGE) with a slice thickness of 1.3 mm and TI of 800, 900, 1000, and 1100 ms. Hippocampal volumes were measured using FreeSurfer, IBASPM and manual tracing. Statistical differences were examined using correlation analyses accounting for spatial interpretations percent volume overlap and percent volume difference. RESULTS: FreeSurfer revealed a maximum percent volume overlap and maximum percent volume difference at TI = 800 ms (77.1 +/- 2.9%) and TI = 1100 ms (13.1 +/- 2.1%), respectively. The respective values for IBASPM were TI = 1100 ms (55.3 +/- 9.1%) and TI = 800 ms (43.1 +/- 10.7%). FreeSurfer presented a higher correlation than IBASPM but it was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: FreeSurfer performed better in volumetric determination than IBASPM. Given the subjective nature of manual tracing, automated image acquisition and analysis image is accurate and preferable.
Adult* ; Brain ; Hippocampus ; Humans

No abstract available.
Dendrites* ; Hippocampus* ; Interneurons*

No abstract available.
Hippocampus* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging*

No abstract available.
Hippocampus* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging*

A fungus that grew over bed-logs of shiitake (Lentinula edodes) and caused damage was isolated from mushroom-growing farms. The fungus produced extensive mat-like dark subiculum with ascomata in it and was identified as Nitschkia confertula. This is the first report in Korea and morphological characteristics are fully described.
Fungi ; Hippocampus ; Korea ; Sordariales

For in vivo neural recording, local field potential (LFP) is often corrupted by spatially correlated artifacts, especially in awake/behaving subjects. A method named adaptive common average reference (ACAR) based on the concept of adaptive noise canceling (ANC) that utilizes the correlative features of common noise sources and implements with common average referencing (CAR), was proposed for removing the spatially correlated artifacts. Moreover, a correlation analysis was devised to automatically select appropriate channels before generating the CAR reference. The performance was evaluated in both synthesized data and real data from the hippocampus of pigeons, and the results were compared with the standard CAR and several previously proposed artifacts removal methods. Comparative testing results suggest that the ACAR performs better than the available algorithms, especially in a low SNR. In addition, feasibility of this method was provided theoretically. The proposed method would be an important pre-processing step for in vivo LFP processing.
Artifacts ; Columbidae ; Hippocampus ; Methods ; Noise

No abstract available.
Animals ; Hippocampus* ; Rats* ; Serotonin* ; Synapses*