No abstract available.
Communicable Diseases* ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging*

No abstract available.
Communicable Diseases, Emerging*

No abstract available.
Communicable Diseases, Emerging*

No abstract available.
Communicable Diseases, Emerging*

No abstract available.
Communicable Diseases, Emerging* ; Korea*

Communicable Diseases, Emerging ; microbiology ; Humans

Communicable Diseases, Emerging ; Humans ; Software

The functions of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been known to play an important role in immunity and immune responses. ILCs are rapidly-responding cells that are involved in tissue remodeling, cancer, the regulation of autoimmune inflammation and resistance to pathogens. Understanding the role of ILCs in regulating immune response could be useful for the development of new therapeutic strategies against emerging or re-emerging infectious diseases. However, the relevance of ILCs in infectious diseases was not fully uncovered. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the functional characteristics of ILCs and how these cells interact with pathogens to mediate immune responses.
Communicable Diseases ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging ; Immunity, Innate ; Inflammation ; Lymphocytes*

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted critical gaps in the Philippine health laboratory system, including limited testing capacities, insufficient trained personnel, and inadequate resource distribution. To address these issues, the Philippine government established the Office for Health Laboratories (OHL) and sought technical assistance from the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) through the Project for Strengthening the Philippine National Health Laboratory Network for Infectious Diseases (PHeLNIDs). This project aims to enhance the National Health Laboratory Network's (NHLN) capacity for infectious disease surveillance and response. Phase 1 of the PHeLNIDs project included focus group discussions (FGDs) conducted across 17 regions to assess challenges and develop recommendations for a tier-based laboratory network. Key findings revealed logistical, workforce, transportation, and data management challenges that hinder the effectiveness of specimen referral workflows. Recommendations emphasized decentralizing diagnostic capabilities through subnational reference laboratories, strengthening logistics, and implementing an Integrated Laboratory Information Management System (ILIMS). This article underscores the importance of laboratory decentralization, capacity building, and improved resource management to enhance laboratory-based surveillance and response to emerging infectious diseases. The proposed interventions aim to bolster the Philippine laboratory network, reduce turnaround times, and improve public health outcomes.

OBJECTIVES: It was supposed to analyze status and affecting factors in water and food-borne communicable disease by screening entrants with diarrhea symptom at the point of entry in Korea METHODS: Symptomatic travelers with water and food-borne communicable diseases who entered Korea were diagnosed by a health declaration and detection of causative agents in water and food using laboratory tests. Among those entered in 2017, the affecting factors in the incidence of communicable diseases among those who had diarrhea at the entry into Korea, were analyzed, with frequency and chi-square test. RESULTS: The number of travel entrants with gastrointestinal communicable diseases increased by 40.19% from 2013 to 2017. The percentage of causative agents of water and food-borne communicable diseases was the highest at 69.2% from July to September. The rate of detection of causative agents of communicable disease pathogens in travelers from Southeast Asia entering Korea was 70.2%, which was higher than people arriving from East Asia and Central Asia (57.5%; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The positive ratio of causative agents of water and food-borne communicable diseases was high among travelers that had entered Korea from July to September, with a high number among entrants from Southeast Asia. Based on the positive detection of causative agents, the entry period and countries visited were statistically significant affecting factors (p < 0.001).
Asia ; Asia, Southeastern ; Communicable Diseases ; Diarrhea ; Far East ; Foodborne Diseases ; Incidence ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Quarantine ; Water ; Waterborne Diseases