Anesthesiologists have a particular interest in myasthenia gravis, since they may need to provide anesthesia for thymectomy or other surgery, or they may have to be involved in the treatment of respiratory failure which mar complicate this disease. We report a case of balanced anesthesia, using thalamonal-N2O-O2 for thymectomy in myasthenia gravis, which posed no postoperative respiratory problem.
Anesthesia ; Balanced Anesthesia* ; Myasthenia Gravis* ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Thymectomy*

The reason for undertaking a special study of pediatric anesthesia is that children and especially infants differ sharply from adult patients. We know the important factors are psychogenic, anatomic, pharmacologic, physiologic and pathologic differences. Although the most apparent contrast in the neonate is his size, immature enzymatic activity probably could prove a greater problem to an uninformed anesthetist. So it seems worthwhile for us to analyze our past pediatric anesthetic experiences(8,600 cases) from 1970 to 1979. The following was obtained from this clinical analysis. 1) Total number of pediatric anesthesias given has been increasing year by year, especially under the age of one year. 2) General inhalation anesthesia has shown increasing numbers, but spinal anesthesia has been decreasing in numbers. 3) Flammable agents such as cyclopropane and ether was disappeared completely from our operating theater in spite of their excellent qualities. However, balanced anesthesia with Innovar has been increase. 4) Pediatric cardiac patients among 8,600 cases have sharply increased from 0.5% in 1970 to 4.7% in 1975 and 11.6% in 1979.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Inhalation ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Balanced Anesthesia ; Child ; Ether ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Mortuary Practice

Among the intraventricluar block, bundle branch block is the most common type and left bundle branch block(LBBB) may progress to a more serious condition of complete heart block. Anesthetic methods such as nitrous oxide-oxygen-relaxant sequence, neuroleptanesthesia, and nitrous oxide-oxygen-minimal halothane(or penthrane) are generally accepted by the patient with heart disease. In the U.S., opioid anesthesia is also applied frequently. The authors successfully twice performed of operations with balanced anesthesia and spinal anesthesia respectively in a 39-year-old male patient who showed complete left bundle branch block pattern in a preoperative electrocardiographic tracing without any subjective symptoms.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Balanced Anesthesia ; Bundle-Branch Block ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Block ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Male

Somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) monitoring has been used to minimize neurologic morbidity during spine surgery. SSEP monitoring may be affected by technical factor including operation, physiological factor associated with patient and anesthetics used to induce and maintain general anesthesia. Several clinical studies have shown that inhaled anesthetics more decrease the amplitude of SSEP than a narcotic based general anesthesia. We have experienced 15 patients who received spine surgery under balanced anesthesia with propofol, remifentanil and 50% N2O, which is supposed to be another useful anesthesia technique for spine surgery under SSEP monitoring.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics ; Balanced Anesthesia ; Evoked Potentials ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory ; Humans ; Piperidines ; Propofol ; Spine

To evaluate historical trends, anesthetic experiences of 14, 337 in the total performed at the Korea University Hospital from Jan. 1966 through Dec. 1977 were analyzed statistically according to age, sex, department, methods, physical status, duration of anesthesia, induction agents, main agents and anesthetic techniques. The results were as follows: 1) General anesthesia has been used as almost the main method of anesthesia. 2) Patients were about half in the 21~40 group of age. 3) Male patients were 2. 2 times more than females. 4) The most largest department for surgery was of patients in general surgery. 5) According to the ASA, classification of physical status, patients in class 1 were 43. 5%, and elective surgery to emergency ratio was 1. 3 to 1. 6) Patients in the 1~ 2 hour duration group were 41. 7%. 7) Thiopentone has mainly been used for intravenous induction. 8) Ether had mainly been used for a main anesthetic agent until 1970, but balanced anesthesia has been used with increasing favor since that time. 9) In almost all cases, a semiclosed circle absorption system has been employed and non- rebreathing system has recently been used with increasing favor for pediatric anesthesia.
Absorption ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Balanced Anesthesia ; Classification ; Emergencies ; Ether ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Methods ; Thiopental

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of anesthesia(balanced anesthesia) and surgery on plasma thyroxine and triiodothyronine levels in ten surgical patients by means of the radioimmunoassay method which provides a quantitative measure of thyroid function. The sex ratio between male and female patients was 1:1, mean age was 30.1+/-12.26 and the average body weight was 57.38+/-15.81kg. The plasma triiodothyronine level before anesthesia and surgery was 138.1+/-32.64(ug/dl) but at 90 minutes and 120 minutes after anesthesia and surgery they were 100+/-19.64(ug/dl) and 92.4+/-7.49(ug/dl) respectively. The plasma thyroxine level remained unchanged during anesthesia and surgery. Consequently there was a statistically significant decreased level in plasma triiodothyronine but there was no change in plasma thyroxine level during anesthesia and surgery.
Anesthesia* ; Balanced Anesthesia* ; Body Weight ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Plasma* ; Radioimmunoassay ; Sex Ratio ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroxine* ; Triiodothyronine*

The liver function during operation is influenced by several factors. These factors include preoperative condition of the patient, site and durstion of the operation, operation per se. and anesthetic agents. Recently, there have been many controversies about hepatic dysfunction of the halogenated inhalation: anesthetics. This study was done to evaluate the hepatic dysfuncson by comparison of pre-and: postoperative liver dysfunction in randomized selection of 127 cases arnong 495 elective operations. As results, 1) There was increased tendency of post-operative 48 hour s-GOT in balanced anesthesia group. 2) After prolonged operation, there was more tendency of marked elevation of LFT values. 3) The elevation of s-GOT was also noted in adult low-weighted person. 4) In the cases of intraabdominal operation, changes of LFT were more prominent than the operation of the other site. 5) Choice of anesthetic agent alone is not enough to prevent hepatic dysfunction during operation.
Adult ; Anesthesia, General* ; Anesthetics ; Balanced Anesthesia ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Liver Diseases ; Liver*

It is common to check arterial blood gas values during anesthesia to know the state of acid-base balance and tissue oxygenation, but there are many complications in performing arterial puncture or cannulation. The purpose of this study is to know the correlations of blood gas values between arterial and venous blood freom the hand during balanced anesthesia. Twenty five patients of both sexes were investigated. The values of pH, pCO2, pO2, B.E., B.B., and HCO2(-) of arterial and venous blood were compared graphically and regression equations were made. All the measurements except pO2 showed close correlation.
Acid-Base Equilibrium ; Anesthesia ; Balanced Anesthesia* ; Catheterization ; Hand* ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Oxygen ; Punctures

Balanced anesthesia is being equilibrated with the maintenance of light planes of anesthesia and the relatively free utilization of muscle relaxants to prevent untoward movement of the patient in response to surgical stimuli. However, muscle relaxants per se do not contributes to the state of hypnosis or analgesia. Therfore, awareness during modern anesthesia must be seriously taken. We have given anesthesia in 175 cases for cesarean section in order to investigate intraoperative awareness. Among the 175 anesthetic cases, 13 cases had awareness of pain and 19 cases had auditor awareness. Accordingly the total incidence of awareness in our investigation was 16% which was significantly high and should be considered in clinical anesthesia practice.
Analgesia ; Anesthesia* ; Balanced Anesthesia ; Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Humans ; Hypnosis ; Incidence ; Intraoperative Awareness ; Pregnancy

Tramadol(Tridol) was developed by Grunenthal GmbH as a new non-narcotic analgesic agent. It was used as a new anesthetic agent by Stoffregen who works in Hage, West Germany, instead of neurolept-anesthetics which make sometimes cause severe post-anesthetic respiratory insufficiency. From September to December 1982, 40 cases of balanced anesthesia with controlled tramadol infusion were performed at Chung Ang Univ. Hospital. The anesthetic results were compared with 72 cases of halothane anesthesia: 1) During anesthetic induction, changes of systolic blood pressure were similar in both 2 groups, but the heart rate was stabler in the tramsdol group. 2) Tramadol has little effect on muscular relaxation. 3) Tramadol anesthesia has very rapid post-anesthetic consciousness recovery time and this little respiratory depression. 4) Post-operative pain was minor in tramadol anesthesia compared to neurolept-anesthesia. 5) The technique of use was very simple, safe and economically cheap in balanced anesthesia with controlled tramadol-infusion.
Anesthesia ; Balanced Anesthesia* ; Blood Pressure ; Consciousness ; Germany ; Halothane ; Heart Rate ; Relaxation ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Tramadol