Purulent pericarditis is a rare, life-threatening condition and usually involves the whole pericardium. However only few cases have been reported in which a loculated pericardial abscess occurred from purulent pericarditis. The prevalence of acute pericarditis due to bacteria was 6%. Purulent pericarditis due to anaerobic bacteria has been reported less frequently than aerobic bacteria. There was no report about purulent pericarditis due to Bacteroides fragilis in Korea until now. So we report the first case of pericardial abscess due to B. fragilis in 59 year old Korean male with history of chronic renal failure and hemodialysis, that was complicated with pericardial tamponade.
Abscess* ; Bacteria ; Bacteria, Aerobic ; Bacteria, Anaerobic ; Bacteroides fragilis* ; Bacteroides* ; Cardiac Tamponade* ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pericarditis ; Pericardium ; Prevalence ; Renal Dialysis

Purulent pericarditis is a rare, life-threatening condition and usually involves the whole pericardium. However only few cases have been reported in which a loculated pericardial abscess occurred from purulent pericarditis. The prevalence of acute pericarditis due to bacteria was 6%. Purulent pericarditis due to anaerobic bacteria has been reported less frequently than aerobic bacteria. There was no report about purulent pericarditis due to Bacteroides fragilis in Korea until now. So we report the first case of pericardial abscess due to B. fragilis in 59 year old Korean male with history of chronic renal failure and hemodialysis, that was complicated with pericardial tamponade.
Abscess* ; Bacteria ; Bacteria, Aerobic ; Bacteria, Anaerobic ; Bacteroides fragilis* ; Bacteroides* ; Cardiac Tamponade* ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pericarditis ; Pericardium ; Prevalence ; Renal Dialysis

BACKGROUND: Anaerobic bacteria constitute a major part of the normal flora of the human skin, mucous membrane and intestinal tract, and can cause various infections. The incidence of anaerobic infections may differ greatly, depending on each country or hospital. METHODS: We evaluated the recent trends of anaerobic bacteria isolated from clinical specimens at Severance Hospital from 1986 to 1995. Specimens were cultured using thioglycollate medium and phenylethanol blood agar (PEBA) for 2-3 days under anaerobic condition. Identification of organism was based on conventional or commercial kit systems. RESULTS: During this period, a total of 2,664 isolates of anaerobic bacteria were obtained from 2,251 clinical specimens. The average number of anaerobes per specimen was 1.2. The frequent sources of isolation were specimens from the abdomen, followed by soft tissue, and head and neck. B. fragilis (46.3%) was the most frequently isolated gram-negative bacilli, and P. magnus (37.6%) and C. perfringens (18.8%) were the most frequently isolated gram-positive anaerobes. Abdominal, soft tissue, and head and neck infections were frequent clinical conditions. Among the anaerobe-positive specimens, only 16.8% yielded anaerobe alone while the remaining 83.2% revealed mixed infection with aerobic bacteria. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that B. fragilis is the most common species among gram-negative bacilli, and that P. magnus is the most common among gram-positive cocci. As well, the anaerobes are frequently isolated from specimens of the abdomen, head and neck, and soft tissue; and anaerobic infections are commonly mixed with aerobic bacteria.
Abdomen ; Agar ; Bacteria, Aerobic ; Bacteria, Anaerobic* ; Bacteroides fragilis ; Coinfection ; Gram-Positive Cocci ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mucous Membrane ; Neck ; Phenylethyl Alcohol ; Skin

Contamination with sanitary microorganisms from Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Staphylococcaceae, Micrococcaceae and Bacillaceae families in flower bee pollen from Bulgaria after one-year vacuum-packed cold storage has been found. Dried flower bee pollens intended for human consumption were with high incidence rate of contamination with Pantoea sp. (P. agglomerans and P. agglomerans bgp6) (100%), Citrobacter freundii (47%), Proteus mirabilis (31.6%), Serratia odorifera (15.8%) and Proteus vulgaris (5.3%). Bee pollens were also positive for the culture of microorganisms from Staphylococcaceae, Micrococcaceae and Bacillaceae families: Staphylococcus hominis subsp hominis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Arthrobacter globiformis, Bacillus pumilis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. It was concluded that, if consumed directly, the vacuum-packed cold stored dried bee pollen, harvested according hygienic requirements from bee hives in industrial pollution-free areas without intensive crop production, is not problem for healthy human.
Arthrobacter ; Bacillaceae ; Bacillus ; Bacillus subtilis ; Bees* ; Bulgaria ; Citrobacter freundii ; Crop Production ; Enterobacteriaceae ; Flowers* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Micrococcaceae ; Pantoea ; Pollen* ; Proteus mirabilis ; Proteus vulgaris ; Pseudomonadaceae ; Serratia ; Staphylococcaceae ; Staphylococcus epidermidis ; Staphylococcus hominis ; Urticaria ; Vacuum*

PURPOSE: Nebulizers are commonly used to treat children with asthma. Some pulmonary infections associated with contaminated nebulizer units have been reported. The aims of this study were to determine whether home nebulizers are repositories of bacteria and to ascertain how asthmatic patients use and maintain their nebulizers at home. METHODS: Fifty-five children with asthma aged 2 to 6 years were enrolled in this study. The parents were asked to bring their child's nebulizer units to regular follow-up visits. Bacterial samples which were obtained from the masks(or mouthpieces), nebulizer chambers and throat swabs were inoculated to blood agar, chocolate agar, and McConkey agar. Cultures were incubated at 5 percent CO2 incubator and observed after 24 hours. Parents completed a questionnaire regarding nebulizer usage and care in their child. RESULTS: Bacterial contamination was found in samples from 27(49.1%) of the 55 masks(or mouthpieces) and 24(43.6%) of the 55 chambers. The predominant microorganisms isolated were Acinetobacter baumannii, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The questionnaire revealed that 40 parents cleaned the nebulizer units with tap water(and soap) and dried then, as they had received cleaning and drying instructions from a medical staff member. Seven organisms from nebulizer units were indistinguishable from the patient's throat isolates. CONCLUSION: We have demonstrated that home nebulizers in these asthmatic children were frequently contaminated with aerobic bacteria. Aerosolization might transmit these bacteria to their upper respiratory tracts. The education and training of home caregivers should include the principles of cleaning and maintenance of their child's nebulizer units.
Acinetobacter baumannii ; Agar ; Asthma ; Bacillus subtilis ; Bacteria ; Bacteria, Aerobic ; Cacao ; Candida albicans ; Caregivers ; Child* ; Education ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incubators ; Inhalation ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Medical Staff ; Nebulizers and Vaporizers* ; Parents ; Pharynx ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Respiratory System ; Staphylococcus aureus

BACKGROUND: Anaerobic bacteria can cause various infections, and their incidence may differ greatly, depending on the country or hospital. We investigated recent trends in anaerobe isolation and clinical characteristics of anaerobic bacteremia in one hospital in Korea to facilitate diagnosis and treatment of anaerobic infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Anaerobic bacteria isolated from blood, body fluids and abscess specimens at a university hospital in Korea during 2007 and 2008 were analyzed. The medical records of 82 anaerobic bacteremia patients were reviewed. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to determine the risk factors for in-hospital mortality of patients with anaerobic bacteremia. RESULTS: A total of 289 non-duplicated anaerobic isolates were recovered from blood, body fluids and abscess specimens. Bacteroides fragilis (73 isolates, 25.3%) was the most common organism followed by Clostridium perfringens (22 isolates, 7.6%), Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus (21 isolates, 7.3%) and Anaerococcus prevotii (19 isolates, 6.6%). Eighty-four isolates were recovered from blood specimens, among which B. fragilis (24 isolates) and C. perfringens (21 isolates) were the most frequently isolated organisms. Among the 196 underlying diseases of anaerobic bacteremia patients, neoplastic, infectious, and gastrointestinal diseases accounted for 54 (27.6%), 46 (23.5%), and 41 (20.9%) cases, respectively. The alimentary tract was the most common suspected portal of entry. The in-hospital mortality rate of anaerobic bacteremia patients was 34.2%, and neutropenia at the time of blood culture was the only statistically significant factor associated with mortality in this study. Anaerobes were isolated in 1.4% of all positive blood cultures. CONCLUSIONS: B. fragilis and C. perfringens are expected to be commonly isolated from clinical specimens. Despite its low prevalence, anaerobic bacteremia displays a significant in-hospital mortality rate. Ongoing investigations into anaerobic bacteremia are necessary because of ambiguous risk factors for mortality.
Abscess ; Bacteremia ; Bacteria, Anaerobic ; Bacteroides fragilis ; Body Fluids ; Clostridium perfringens ; Cohort Studies ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Neutropenia ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

BACKGROUND: Anaerobic bacteria can cause various infections, and their incidence may differ greatly, depending on the country or hospital. We investigated recent trends in anaerobe isolation and clinical characteristics of anaerobic bacteremia in one hospital in Korea to facilitate diagnosis and treatment of anaerobic infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Anaerobic bacteria isolated from blood, body fluids and abscess specimens at a university hospital in Korea during 2007 and 2008 were analyzed. The medical records of 82 anaerobic bacteremia patients were reviewed. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to determine the risk factors for in-hospital mortality of patients with anaerobic bacteremia. RESULTS: A total of 289 non-duplicated anaerobic isolates were recovered from blood, body fluids and abscess specimens. Bacteroides fragilis (73 isolates, 25.3%) was the most common organism followed by Clostridium perfringens (22 isolates, 7.6%), Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus (21 isolates, 7.3%) and Anaerococcus prevotii (19 isolates, 6.6%). Eighty-four isolates were recovered from blood specimens, among which B. fragilis (24 isolates) and C. perfringens (21 isolates) were the most frequently isolated organisms. Among the 196 underlying diseases of anaerobic bacteremia patients, neoplastic, infectious, and gastrointestinal diseases accounted for 54 (27.6%), 46 (23.5%), and 41 (20.9%) cases, respectively. The alimentary tract was the most common suspected portal of entry. The in-hospital mortality rate of anaerobic bacteremia patients was 34.2%, and neutropenia at the time of blood culture was the only statistically significant factor associated with mortality in this study. Anaerobes were isolated in 1.4% of all positive blood cultures. CONCLUSIONS: B. fragilis and C. perfringens are expected to be commonly isolated from clinical specimens. Despite its low prevalence, anaerobic bacteremia displays a significant in-hospital mortality rate. Ongoing investigations into anaerobic bacteremia are necessary because of ambiguous risk factors for mortality.
Abscess ; Bacteremia ; Bacteria, Anaerobic ; Bacteroides fragilis ; Body Fluids ; Clostridium perfringens ; Cohort Studies ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Neutropenia ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

BACKGROUND: Investigation on incidence and mortality of anaerobic bacteremia (AB) is clinically relevant in spite of its infrequent occurrence and not often explored, which report varies according to period and institutions. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the incidence and risk factors related to mortality and assess clinical outcomes of AB in current aspect. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Characteristics of AB patients and anaerobic bacteria from blood culture at a university hospital in 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. The correlation between risk factors and 28-day patient mortality was analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 70 non-duplicated anaerobic bacteria were isolated from blood of 70 bacteremia patients in 2012. The history of cardiovascular disease as host's risk factor was statistically significant (P = 0.0344) in univariate and multivariate analysis. Although the inappropriate therapy was not statistically significant in univariate and multivariate analysis, the survival rate of bacteremia was significantly worse in patients who had inappropriate therapy compared with those underwent appropriate therapy (hazard ratio, 5.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.7-6.9; P = 0.004). The most frequently isolated organism was Bacteroides fragilis (32 isolates, 46%), followed by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (10, 14%), and non-perfringens Clostridium (7, 10%). CONCLUSION: The incidence of AB in 2012 was 2.3% (number of AB patients per 100 positive blood culture patients) and the mortality rate in patients with clinically significant AB was 21.4%. In addition, AB was frequently noted in patients having malignancy and the survival rate of AB was significantly worse in patients who received inappropriate therapy compared with those underwent appropriate therapy.
Bacteremia* ; Bacteria, Anaerobic ; Bacteroides ; Bacteroides fragilis ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Clostridium ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mortality* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate

No abstract available.
Bacteria, Anaerobic*

No abstract available.
Bacteria, Anaerobic*