Fifty-two eyes with vitreous hemorrhages caused by branch retinal vein occulusion underwent pars plana vitrectomy. The vIsion was improved postoperatively in 50 of 52 eyes(96.2%) and no change or worsened in 2 eyes. Regarding postoperative visual acuity 73% showed 0.1 or better, and 0.5 or better in 25%. The lens opacity, the most common surgical complication occured in 14 of 43 phakic eyes, and the incidence of later lens opacification increased as the follow-up lengthened. Other surgical complications were retinal tear in 2 eyes, recurrent vitreous hemorrhage in 3 eyes and secondary glaucoma in 2 eyes. Thirty-two eyes revealed postoperative visual acuity less than 0.3, in which 20 eyes showed maculopathy as the cause of poor visual outcome, and surgical complications in 16 eyes. The level of vision depends lagely upon the macular function.
Cataract ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Incidence ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinal Vein Occlusion* ; Retinal Vein* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy* ; Vitreous Hemorrhage*

The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathologic changes of the pigmented rabbit ratina after endocryopexy. We investigated the differences or similarity among endocryopexy, transscleral cryopexy and laser phocoagulation. Their ultrastructural changes were observed with light and electron microscope. The results were as follows; 1. The first day after endocryopexy, we observed rupture of the internal limiting membrane, breakdown the inner and outer retina, separation of intercellular gap junction of pigment epithelial cells, and accumulation of exudation within subretinal space. 2. In the 8th days, there are mull iplication of retinal pigment epithelial cell layer and development of basal infolding. 3. The present study suggested that effects of endocryopexy on the retina to cause chorioretinal adhesion was similar to transscleral cryopexy or laser photocoagulation However it should be operated on the premise that in requires technical skill for the purpose of clinical application.
Epithelial Cells ; Gap Junctions ; Light Coagulation ; Membranes ; Retina* ; Retinaldehyde ; Rupture

A retrospective study is reported on 96 eyes treated by pars plana vitrectomy and intravitreal silicone oil tamponade for treatment of complicated retinal detachment to evaluate ocular complications secondary to intravitreal silicone oil complete retinal reattachment occurred in 59(61.5%) of 96 eyes at initial surgery. Recurrent retinal detachment and recurrent proliferative vitreoretinopathy occurred in 19(32.3%) and 15(25.4%) of 59 eyes respectively. The major complications associated with intravitreal silicone oil were cataract(96.6% of phakic eyes) and keratopathy(29.2%) and their peak onset was around 3 months after intravitreal silicone oil injection. Other complications were intraocular pressme elevation, hypotony, hyphema, fibrin reaction in anterior chamber, etc. These findings suggest that even though intravitreal silicone oil injection is a valid procedure for treatment of complicated retinal detachment, its removal is recommended after about 3 months before development of vision-threatening complicatoins such as cataract and keratopathy.
Anterior Chamber ; Cataract ; Fibrin ; Hyphema ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Retrospective Studies ; Silicone Oils* ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative

In chicks, visual deprivation lead to myopia and enlargement of the vitreous chamber of the eye. In an attempt to elucidate the eyeball enlargement by iatrogenic cataract, two-day old white Leghorn chickens(n=28) were lightly anesthetized with ether and iatrogenic cataract was induced by YAG laser. The other eye was used as control group. Refractive error, corneal curvature, and axial length by ultrasonography were assessed before the study, and 3 weeks and 6 weeks after cataract formation. At 6 weeks, intraocular pressure, dimension changes and weight of enucleated eyeball were measured. The axial lengths in the iatrogenic cataract eye group were significantly larger than their control eyes in both the axial and the equatorial dimensions. Corneal sag and diameter, intraocular pressure, were not significantly different between two groups. We conclude that form vision deprivation with cataract induces the enlargement of the eyeball, especially the posterior segment of the eyeball.
Cataract* ; Chickens* ; Ether ; Intraocular Pressure ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Myopia ; Refractive Errors ; Ultrasonography

We implanted intraocular lenses in 41 eyes of 41 patients with traumatic cataract without associated retinal injury. All the enrolled patients had sustained injury visited the Incheon Gil Hospital between August 1988 and June 1992. We analyzed age and sex distribution, mode and site of injuries, associated injuries, postoperative complications, methods of operation, final visual results and causes of decreased vision. Nineteen patients(46.4%) achieved final visual acuity of 0.5 or better, 11 patients(26.8%) between 0.1 and 0.5, and the remaining 11(26.8%) below 0.1. Major visual prognostic factors were associated ocular injuries, the state of the posterior lens capule, intraoperative and early postoperative complications. The interval between the first and second operation had little effect on the final vision.
Cataract* ; Humans ; Incheon ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Postoperative Complications ; Retinaldehyde ; Sex Distribution ; Visual Acuity

To evaluate the character, management and clinical results of the posterior capsular rupture during cataract surgery, we retrospectively studied the cataract surgeries that were performed between May 1989 and Decemeber 1991. We discovered 64 eyes in which the posterior capsule was torn. The overall incidence of this complication was 4.4%. Our chart review of these surgical procedure revealed that the tear occurred most frequently during the nucleus removal(44%), occured more frequently at the periphery than the center and the extent was mostly below one-third of the whole posterior capsular surface(75%). We performed vitrectomy(58%) and peripheral iridectomy(14%). Posterior capsular lenses were implallted in 56 cases. The predicted power of lens calculated with SRK-II fomula and manufacturer's A-constant was approximately 0.46 diopter less than actual postoperative refraction. Final visual acuity of 20/40 or better was achieved in 73% of the 64 cases. Our results revealed that when properly managed, a torn posterior capsule is compatible with an excellent visual outcome.
Cataract* ; Incidence ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture* ; Visual Acuity

To evaluate the possibility of Dacron patch for artificial sclera. Dacron(polyethylene terephthalate) which is readily available, biocompatable, safe, and inert synthetic material was implanted in the area of full-thickness scleral defect in rabbits. The histopathologic examinations showed that fibrovascular tissue invested into all interstices of Dacron filaments and fibroconnective tissue encapsulation around Dacron patch had strong connection with collagen fibers of recipient sclera at 4 weeks after graft There were no adverse reactions such as retinal detachment and fibrous proliferation into the vitreous cavity except mild inflammatory response of surrounding tissue at the early postoperative stage. As a result, Dacron graft showed successful firm adhesion to the recipient sclera without serious complications. Thus, We think that Dacron could possibly be used, instead of donor sclera, as artificial scleral graft material for the surgical treatment of perforating scleral diseases.
Collagen ; Humans ; Polyethylene Terephthalates* ; Rabbits* ; Retinal Detachment ; Sclera ; Scleral Diseases ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants*

Corneal epithelial wound healing is followed by cellular migration and proliferation. Hyaluronic acid and EGF have been used to promote corneal wound healing. We investigated the effect and action mechanism of Hyaluronic acid and EGF using agarose explant method and organ culture. In the agarose explant method, we studied the promoting effect of different concentration of Hyaluronic acid and EGF, combined effects and mitotic inhibitory effect of colchicine on cultured corneal epithelial cells in the rabbit. And we studied the result of the organ culture with same agents using round epithelial defect by the trephine. Hyaluronic acid and EGF showed significant promoting effect on corneal wound healing, and the combined effect was also significant. The effect of Hyaluronic acid and EGF was inhibited in colchicine combined culture. Therefore, the effect of hyaluronic acid and EGF is seemed to be on the cell proliferation rather than cell motility.
Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Colchicine ; Cornea ; Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Epithelial Cells* ; Hyaluronic Acid* ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Sepharose ; Wound Healing

The concentration of clotrimazole in the cornea considering the lapse of time after topical administration of 1% clotrimazole, in a single drop or 13 drops at an interval of 5 minutes, was evaluated by agar diffusion bioassay, The rabbits were divided into 3 groups: normal cornea, deepithelized cornea and Aspergillus keratitis, In the case of a single dose, the drug concentration in the normal cornea was lower than the value which can be measured, and the concentration in deeptithelized cornea was significantly higher than in keratitis(p<0.05). In the case of multiple doses, the drug concentration in keratitis was higher than in the deepitheHzed cornea and both of these were higher than in the norma cornea. EspeciaUy the group of keratitis had a significantly higher level(p<0.05) and an abrupt decrease of the drug concentration than the group of deepithelized cornea. This result means that the cornea during inflammation has increased permeability and great metabolic activity. In general the drug concentration in all groups except a single dose in the normal cornea was higher than minimal inhibitory concentration of clotrimazole against A. fumigatus, and this result suggests that the topical administration of 196 dotrimazole is likely to be efficacious in the treatment of Aspergillus keratitis.
Administration, Topical* ; Agar ; Aspergillus ; Biological Assay ; Clotrimazole* ; Cornea* ; Diffusion ; Inflammation ; Keratitis ; Permeability ; Rabbits*

Corneal endothelial damages following Nd: YAG laser application were evaluated rabbits. The first group underwent anterior capsulotomy, while the second group received laser applications at the corneal center and anterior capsule. The rabbits were evaluated with the intraocular pressure, the corneal endothelial cell number, the thickness of the corneal center, and the morphologic change of the cornea, before laser application and at postaplication 1 day, 7 day, and 14 day. But the endothelium was damaged when laser shots were applied at the cornea center and anterior caps ulotomy. In ophthalmologic procedure with Q-switched Nd:YAG laser, the minimal effective poser should be selected, the laser beam should be applicated on extremely fine focus and contact lens should be used to minimize the corneal endothelial injury.
Cornea ; Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss* ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelium ; Intraocular Pressure ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Rabbits