1.Treatment of elderly non-small cell lung cancer
Journal of International Oncology 2014;41(6):429-432
In recent years,the incidence rate and mortality rate of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in elderly patients have been increasing.The therapy scheme consists of surgery,radiotherapy,chemotherapy and target therapy,with the purpose of prolonging survival time and improving life quality.But there is no unified standards of treatment in elderly non-small cell lung cancer.
2.Sequeutial and concurrent chemo-radio therapy for stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer
Journal of International Oncology 2014;41(6):432-435
With the development of medical technology,methods for treatment of lung cancer gradually diversified.Radiotherapy and chemotherapy have gradually become the main methods of treatment.Clinical study have found that simply adopting one kind of treatment,cannot achieve ideal control,with the result of low 5 year survival rate,and high recurrence rate and metastasis.Combining chemotherapy and radiotherapy,can achieve better effect than that by using single method of treatment,as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is particularly sensitive to the chemotherapy.Recent clinical findings indicate that treating late NSCLC patients with combined therapy methods could achieve significant clinical effect.
3.The theoretical foundation and research progress for erlotinib combined with whole brain radiotherapy for the treatment for non-small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases
Hong ZHU ; Yunhai LI ; Honglin WANG ; Sen ZHAO
Journal of International Oncology 2014;41(6):435-438
The prognosis of patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cance (NSCLC) is dismal,and whole brain radiation therapy(WBRT) cannot simultaneously control the extracranial lesions.Study results of Tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI) for brain metastases in patients with lung cancer are encouraging,and treatment efficacy is related to EGFR mutation status.The sensitizing theoretical foundation exists in utilizing erlotinib combined with WBRT for the treatment in brain metastases patients with lung cancer.Currently,a small clinical trial data shows that erlotinib combined with WBRT has better efficacy compared to erlotinib alone,and the toxicity can be tolerated.
4.Lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases
Journal of International Oncology 2014;41(6):439-443
Lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are two high-mortality diseases in the world.Numerous epidemiological studies have demonstrated that presence of COPD increases the risk of lung cancer.Habitual cigarette smoking frequently develops lung cancer as well as COPD,However the links between the two diseases should be more than smoking alone.The underlying mechanisms may include genetic predisposition,inflammation and cell injury,oxidative and noxious stress,extracellular matrix and proteinases,some of which might represent the targets for chemoprevention or chemotherapy.
5.Effect of miRNA on radiosensitivity and chemosensitivity in glioma stem cells
Jiarong CHEN ; Quanquan SUN ; Tian ZHANG ; Yanmeng LU ; Yawei YUAN
Journal of International Oncology 2014;41(6):405-407
The expression of microRNA (miRNA) is closely related to radio-chemosensitivity in glioma stem cells (GSCs).Moreover,the growth of glioma stem cells could be inhibited comprehensively by increasing radio-chemosensitivity and apoptosis,simultaneously with the regulation of a single miRNA,which has been confirmed by some researches.Thereby microRNA is prospective for the adoption as a specific agent in targeted therapy of glioma,so as to increase the radio-chemosensitivity in glioma stem cells.
6.Critical roles of GRP78 in carcinogenesis, growth and chemoresistance of malignancy
Wen FAN ; Chengyan LUO ; Wenjun CHENG
Journal of International Oncology 2014;41(6):408-411
GRP78,as endoplasmic reticulum resident chaperone,is highly induced by a variety of tumor microenvironmental stresses,such as hypoxia and glucose deprivation.GRP78 is implicated in tumor cell proliferation,apoptosis,invasion,metastasis and angiogenesis.Recent evidence indicates that GRP78 levels is correlated with pathological grade,stage and prognosis for the majority of solid tumors.In addition,GRP78 plays an important role in drug tolerance and knockdown of GRP78 has been shown to sensitize malignant cells.GRP78 could not only be a good biomarker to predict cancer progression and chemo-responsiveness,but also an appealing target for the development of a more selective chemotherapy.
7.Roles of SphK-S1P-S1PR signaling pathway in pathogenesis of tumors
Ye LEI ; Xiaoqian XU ; Jianmin WANG
Journal of International Oncology 2014;41(6):412-415
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1 P) is a kind of bioactive messenger which is catalyzed by sphingosine kinases (SphK) and mediates various biological behaviors through binding to sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors(S1PR).Researches demonstrate that the aberration of SphK,S1P and S1PR is closely related to the occurrence and development of cancers,such as leukemia,breast cancer,colorectal cancer and lymphoma.The interaction between S1PR1 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is shown to take part in the pathogenesis of malignant tumors as well.Therefore,they are considered to have the potential tumor-treatment value.
8.Relationship between factor-1α and epithelial mesenchymal transformation
Chun CAO ; Xiaojie MA ; Bangxian TAN
Journal of International Oncology 2014;41(6):415-418
Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1α) is a hypoxia response regulator,which is highly expressed in malignant tumors.Researches have shown that HIF-1α plays an important role in epithelial mesenchymal transformation.It can regulate epithelial mesenchymal transition through a series of signal pathways and mechanisms at many levels,to participate in the invasion and metastasis of tumors.To explore the mechanism of HIF-lα controlling epithelial mesenchymal transformation has important significance for the development of new,effective tumor treatment methods.
9.Chemokine receptor 4 and tumors
Yanan MA ; Baohong WANG ; Xiaoqun XU ; Junfu WANG
Journal of International Oncology 2014;41(6):418-421
Chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) belongs to G protein-coupled receptor superfamily.It can induce immune cells-directed chemotaxis,thus keeping their homeostasis.CXCR4 expresses on a variety of tissues and cells.In different tumors and at different stages of tumors,CXCR4 expression is significantly higher than that in normal tissues.CXCR4 plays an important role in tumor progression since it is involved in tumor cell proliferation,adhesion,invasion and metasta.
10.Research Progress in the mechanism of histone deacetylase inhibitors as radiosensitizers
Kan WU ; Zhibing WU ; Xufeng CHENG ; Shenglin MA
Journal of International Oncology 2014;41(6):425-428
One leading research target of modern tumor radiotherapy is to increase radiosensitization of tumor and improve curative effect of radiotherapy.Histone deacetylase inhibitors are epigenetic drugs that can play a part in radiosensitization through means of induction of apoptosis,inhibition of repair of DNA doublestrand breaks,cell cycle arrest,improvement of tumor cell hypoxia and increase of reactive oxygen species.There is an urgent need to develop biomarkers based on these pathways,which can promote clinically individualized treatment.