Objective To compare the gas and heat exchange performance of membrane oxygenator DDMO-100S and membrane oxygenator Terumo SX-10 in cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB)in children.Methods 39 children aged 3-12 yrs who suffered from congenital heart disease were selected,and the repair of ventricle septal defect or/and atrial septal defect was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass.The 39 children were randomly divided into Group DD(n =21)and Group SX(n = 18).Membrane oxygenator DDMO-100S(Made by Xi'an Daidai,China)was used in Group DD and Membrane oxygenator Terumo SX-10(Made by Terumo,Japan)in Group SX,respectively.The hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass with high perfusion flow and the cool crystalloid cardioplegia were applied in all children.The artery blood samples were taken for measuring PO2 and PCO2 and the oxygenating index(OI)was calculated by the formulae(OI = PaO2/FiO2).The temperature at nasal pharynx was monitored and the rewarming time was recorded.Results The total priming volume in Group DD was bigger than in Group SX [(742.5 ± 107.3)ml vs(531.3 ± 84.3)ml,P ＜ 0.05].The PO2,OI and PCO2 at 15 min after CPB or at 5 min before cease of CPB had no differences in both group(P ＞0.05).The rewarming time had no difference in both group [(31.5 ± 10.2)min vs(30.61 ± 8.2)min,P ＞0.05].Conclusions Under our observation condition,the gas and heat exchange performance of membrane oxygenator DDMO-100S were the same as membrane oxygenator Terumo SX-10,when it was used in cardiopulmonary bypass in children,but it had a little bit more priming volume.

Objective To study the characteristics of plasma adiponectin levels exhibiting in gestation women and newborns, as well as the relationships between adiponectin levels and fetal birth weight. Methods Totally 98 subjects have been considered in this study, in-cluding venous blood samples of 36 healthy non-pregnant women (control group), 31 uncomplicated pregnant women (pregnancies group) and the cord blood samples taken at delivery of their singleton infants born at term (newborns group). The concentrations of adiponectin and insulin were determined by radioimmunoassay technique. And SPSS was used for statistical analyses. Results The adiponectin level in women of late period of gestation (WLPG) (11.10±5.72)g/ml was lower than that of other two groups, and the newborns average cord plasma level of adiponectin was (30.71±12.77) g/ml significantly higher than that of the control group (16.52±6.87) g/ml. The adipone-ctin level for WLPG was correlated with FINS and HOMA-IR (r = -0.411, -0.393, P <0.05). The adiponectin level in cord plasma was positively correlated with birth weight(r = 0.416, P < 0.05). The adiponectin level in WLPG was correlated neither with the adiponec-tin level nor body weights of their newborns. Conclusions The average cord plasma adiponectin level of newboms is significantly higher than that of the control group and WLPG. It is positively correlated with birth weight, which suggests that adiponectin may be involved in reg-ulating fetal growth. The adiponectin level in WLPG is correlated neither with the adiponectin level nor body weights of their newborns.

Objective To improve the treat effect of the orthotopic liver transplantation patients with severe sepsis. Methods Fif-ty-six post-surgery patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups. One was non-OLT group (A group) and the other was OLT group (B group). Besides general data, the surveillance of blood lactate, the number of failure organs, APACHE Ⅱand MODS were recorded. 28-days survival rate and follow-up were checked. Results The mortality of hospitalization in non-OLT group was 30% and 57.6% in OLT group. The level of blood lactate in OLT group at the 1 st day increased significantly, which was statistically differ-ent with that in non-OLT group (P <0.01). It decreased but kept higher than that in non-group in following seven days. The numbers of failure organs in OLT group were more than in non-OLT group (P <0.01). The continuous APACHE Ⅱ score had no significant difference between two groups. But the continuous MODS score in OLT group was higher than in non-OLT group (P <0.01). Conclusions The 28-days mortality of OLT with severe sepsis is almost two times as much as that of non-OLT. It should cause more attention. The OLT with se-vere sepsis is more likely suffered from failure organs and difficult to recovery. To assess the condition of failure organs in OLT patients with severe sepsis, MODS score is better than APACHE Ⅱ score in this study. It is suggested that the standard of score system could be improved or come up with new score for organ transplantation. It will be better if blood lactate score is included.

Objective To explore the effect of nitroglycerin on ET/NO, TXA2/PGI2 and pancreas pathomorphology changes in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) rats. Methods Sixty SD rats were random divided into five groups, including control group (A group, n = 12) and experimental group(B,C,D and E group, n = 12). The SAP was induced by injection of 5% sodium taurocholate through retrograde common biliopancreatic ducts via duodenal papilla with epidural catheter. Group C, D and E were intravenously injected with nitroglycerin 0.5μg/kg/min,1μg/kg/min and 2μg/min in 30 min respectively, and group A and B was injected with Sodium Chloride 0.5ml. The indexes of changed pathomorphology and ET/NO, TXB2/6-keto-PGF1a, were determined at the 6th and 12th hour after operations, respectively. Results The specimen data of the 6th and 12th hour displayed that the indexes of changed pathomorphology, ET, ET/NO, TXB2, and TXB2/6-keto-PGF1a of the group C,D and E degraded respectively, compared to group B(P < 0.05). Conclusion The nitroglycerin could degrade ET, ET/NO,TXA2 and TXA2/PGI2, improve the microcirculation of pancreas, and delay the pathological inflammation change in SAP rats.

Objective To study the protective effects of propofol against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat lung. Methods Rat model of pulmonary ischemia/reperfusion injury was used in this study. Rats were randomly divided into three groups, including sham opera-tion group (group A), iachemia/reperfusion group (group B) and propofol group (group C), 15 rats in each group. The concentration of tumor necrosis factor -α and interleukin-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Then blood gas analysis, lung wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio were detected in each group. Results Propofol could significantly improve PaO2, reduce the W/D value and the contents of TNF-α and IL-6 in BALF. Conclusion Propofol effectively suppressed the pro-duction and release of inflammatory cytokine, therefore it can protect the lung from isehemia/reperfusion injury.

Objective To investigate the effect of leptin on transcription factor nuclear-κB (NF-κB) activity of pancreatic tissue and blood inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α,IL-1β) in severe acute pancreatitis. Methods Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into three groups, including sham group (group A, n = 12), AP model group(group B, n = 12) and Leptin treatment group (group C, n = 12). SAP was induced by intraductal injection of 5% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. Exogenous leptin was injected I. P. Fifteen minutes later. The concentration of serum amylase, leptin, TNF-α, IL-1βwere measured by radioimmunoassay 6 hours later. NF-κB activity of the pancreatic tissue were measured by immunohistochemistry. The changes of pathology of the pancreas were observed. Results The levels of serum amylase, cytokine TNF-αand IL-1βwere significantly reduced in group C, and the levels of serum leptin were significantly increased in group C. NF-κB activity in the pancreatic tissue in group B were significantly higher than that in group A. However, NF-κB activity of the pancreatic tissue in group C were significantly lower than that in group B. Furthermore, the extent of necrosis of the pancreatic tissue was re-lieved. Conclusion Exogenous leptin protected the rats pancreas against damage by sodium taurocholate. The protective effects of exoge-nous leptin were attributive to the reduction in cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β. The possible protective mechanism was that leptin decreased NF-κB activity.

Objective To explore effects and mechanism of inactivation of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in intestinal tumor growth of APCmin/+ mice. Methods To generate APCmin/+VDR -/- mice through breeding, the number and size of small intestinal and colonic tumors were assessed and compared between APCmin/+ and APCmin/+ VDR -/- mice. The intestinal tumors were diagnosed with HE stain. The expressions of BCL-2,vimentin-1,Stat-1 and MSH-2 proteins of tumors were determined by immanohistocbemistry and compared be-tween APCmin/+ and APCmin/+VDR -/- mice. Results A comparison between APCmin/+ and APCmin/+ VDR -/- mice revealed that the number of the tumors, which were larger than 3mm, was significantly increased in APCmin/+ VDR -/- mice at 4 months of age (P< 0.01). HE staining indicated fistulous adenomas from small intestine and colon of two groups, Immunostaining showed Stat - 1 level in APC-min/+ tumors were increased and MSH-2 and vimentin-1 levels in APCmin/+ VDR-/- mice were increased, compared to APCmin/+tumors. Conclusion These observations suggested that inactivation of VDR promoted the intestinal tumor growth of APCmin/+ mice.

Objective To investigate the effects of zoledronic acid on the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in osteosarcoma LM8 cell line under hypoxic condition. Methods The hypoxic culture model was established. After LM8 cells were treated with zoledronic acid, semi-quantitative PCR was used to assess the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF mRNA. The expression of HIF-lct and VEGF protein was de-tected by immunohistochemical staining and ELISA respectively. Results Compared with cells in normoxic conditions, cells in the hypoxic environment and cells treated with zoledronic acid in the hypoxic condition did not show a significant change in the mRNA level of HIF-1α(P >0. 05). However, the protein expression of HIF-1α was markedly decreased in the cells treated with zoledronic acid in the hypoxic envi-ronment. In contrast, both mRNA and protein expression levels of VEGF were down-regulated in the zoledronic acid treatment hypoxic group (P <0.05). Conclusion Under hypoxic conditions in vitro, zoledronic acid inhibited the expression of HIF-1α protein, which decreased VEGF mRNA level and protein expression in osteosarcorna LM8 cell line.

Objective To provide histological evidence for clinic tendon reconstruction on severe medial collateral ligament injury in rabbits. Methods Medial collateral ligaments of two knee joints were completely incised to create own control model of MCL rupture. The operation group intimated the procedure of human being MCL reconstruction with semitendinous tendon. In the 4th,12th,16th,24th weeks, healing of MCL was observed by anatomy and the picrosirius-polarization method. Results In the 4th week, the MCL healing tissue of ex-periment group is more than control group. The average ratios of type Ⅲ collagen to Ⅰ, Ⅲ collagen in the experiment group [(0.263±0.075), (0.235±0.041), (0.210±0.045), (0.197±0.029)] were significantly lower than those in control group [(0.310±0.072), (0.286±0.045), (0.261±0.046), (0.236±0.043) ] in the 4th, 12th, 16th, 24th weeks, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusions The semitendinons tendon reconstruction can improve MCL healing in early and middle period after injury.

Objective To observe the effect of theanine in vitro and in vivo, including suppression of lung tumor growth, tumor an-giogenesis and promotion of apoptosis. Methods The inhibitory effects of theanie on lung cancer A549 cells were analyzed by MTT assays. The cell cycle and the apeptotic percentage of A549 cells were detected by FCM. The angiogenesis effect of theanine was observed with CAM model. The inhibitory effects of theanine were observed with lung carcinoma nude mice model, and the immunohistochemic technique was used to investigate the expression of CD34 and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor). Results Treatment of A549 cells with VEGF re-sulted in significant dose-dependent and time-dependent inhibition. FCM detection indicated that administration of EGCG resulted in an in-crease in cells in the S phase of the cell cycle and a typical apoptosis peak before the GI phase with an apoptosis rate of 15.9%. There was a significant difference in tumor volume and weight in theanine group compared with control group after two-week treatment, and the tumor in-hibition rate was 43.6%. There was no significant difference in expression of VEGF in tumor tissue according to tumor MVD marked by CD34 between the theanie group and control group. Thus, theanine could obviously inhibit tumor angiogenesis. Conclusion VEGF can ar-rest lung tumor growth via the promotion of tumor cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis.